The Great Leveler pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
Walter Scheidel is the Dickason Professor in the Humanities, professor of classics and history, and a Kennedy-Grossman Fellow in Human Biology at Stanford University. The author or editor of sixteen previous books, he has published widely on premodern social and economic history, demography, and comparative history. He lives in Palo Alto, California.
- 社会学
- 经济学
- 经济史
- 历史
- 不平等
- 政治社会学
- 社会
- 比较政治学
Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, Walter Scheidel shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Periods of increased equality are usually born of carnage and disaster and are generally short-lived, disappearing with the return of peace and stability. The Great Leveler is the first book to chart the crucial role of violent shocks in reducing inequality over the full sweep of human history around the world.
Ever since humans began to farm, herd livestock, and pass on their assets to future generations, economic inequality has been a defining feature of civilization. Over thousands of years, only violent events have significantly lessened inequality. The "Four Horsemen" of leveling—mass-mobilization warfare, transformative revolutions, state collapse, and catastrophic plagues—have repeatedly destroyed the fortunes of the rich. Scheidel identifies and examines these processes, from the crises of the earliest civilizations to the cataclysmic world wars and communist revolutions of the twentieth century. Today, the violence that reduced inequality in the past seems to have diminished, and that is a good thing. But it casts serious doubt on the prospects for a more equal future.
An essential contribution to the debate about inequality, The Great Leveler provides important new insights about why inequality is so persistent—and why it is unlikely to decline anytime soon.
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https://athenacool.wordpress.com/2019/07/17/%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b3%e7%ad%89%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a/ 不平等社会：从石器时代到21世纪,人类如何应对不平等 [美]沃尔特·沙伊德尔 / 颜鹏飞 / 中信出版集团股份有限公司 / 2019-6 子扉我 2019年夏 季风异次元空间二世 原载回响编辑部...
评分平衡器是什么？就是战争及瘟疫，特别是大规模的战争，如一战、二战；大规模长时间的战争，高动员率，促成社会平等观念及政府干预、税率、工会、集体协商等制度的出现；同时战争也不利于财富的积累，这个促进了平等。大规模的瘟疫，减少了劳动力，使劳动力相对于土地升值，促进...
评分“几千年的历史可以归结为如下一个简单的事实：自人类步入文明社会以来，经济能力和国家建构的不断发展日益加剧了社会不平等，但是，如果不采取措施对其进行控制，这一状况就难以改变。” 01 — 跟《21世纪资本论》可以互参。主题是说：人类有史以来，不平等一直在加剧，只有大...
评分https://athenacool.wordpress.com/2019/07/17/%e4%b8%8d%e5%b9%b3%e7%ad%89%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a/ 不平等社会：从石器时代到21世纪,人类如何应对不平等 [美]沃尔特·沙伊德尔 / 颜鹏飞 / 中信出版集团股份有限公司 / 2019-6 子扉我 2019年夏 季风异次元空间二世 原载回响编辑部...
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如果教育无法跟上科技的变化，或者教育很僵化，学生根本学不到最新的知识，哪怕入学率再高，也可能一毕业就失业，因为无法提供产业需要的人
评分这本来是一本让人想起马尔萨斯主义的著作，然而作者自己以一句“历史并不决定未来”，推挡开宿命论的标签。读史最有意思的是看到不曾看到过的关联，比如在全民动员战争与民主制度的推广之间，再次印证隐秘均衡的广泛存在——要提防那些美好愿望将带来什么不可预知的后果。
评分材料很好，逻辑结构搭拧了，缺少理论挖掘，人口压力的基础性作用也没有放对位置。
评分这本来是一本让人想起马尔萨斯主义的著作，然而作者自己以一句“历史并不决定未来”，推挡开宿命论的标签。读史最有意思的是看到不曾看到过的关联，比如在全民动员战争与民主制度的推广之间，再次印证隐秘均衡的广泛存在——要提防那些美好愿望将带来什么不可预知的后果。
评分很好 社会保持动态平衡靠的就是各方的调平
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