图书标签: 人类学 心理学 进化 语言学 语言 科普 非小说类 传播
发表于2024-05-01
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
What a big brain we have for all the small talk we make. It's an evolutionary riddle that at long last makes sense in this intriguing book about what gossip has done for our talkative species. Psychologist Robin Dunbar looks at gossip as an instrument of social order and cohesion--much like the endless grooming with which our primate cousins tend to their social relationships. Apes and monkeys, humanity's closest kin, differ from other animals in the intensity of these relationships. All their grooming is not so much about hygiene as it is about cementing bonds, making friends, and influencing fellow primates. But for early humans, grooming as a way to social success posed a problem: given their large social groups of 150 or so, our earliest ancestors would have had to spend almost half their time grooming one another--an impossible burden. What Dunbar suggests--and his research, whether in the realm of primatology or in that of gossip, confirms--is that humans developed language to serve the same purpose, but far more efficiently. It seems there is nothing idle about chatter, which holds together a diverse, dynamic group--whether of hunter-gatherers, soldiers, or workmates. Anthropologists have long assumed that language developed in relationships among males during activities such as hunting. Dunbar's original and extremely interesting studies suggest otherwise: that language in fact evolved in response to our need to keep up to date with friends and family. We needed conversation to stay in touch, and we still need it in ways that will not be satisfied by teleconferencing, email, or any other communication technology. As Dunbar shows, the impersonal world of cyberspace will not fulfill our primordial need for face-to-face contact. From the nit-picking of chimpanzees to our chats at coffee break, from neuroscience to paleoanthropology, "Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language" offers a provocative view of what makes us human, what holds us together, and what sets us apart.
罗宾·邓巴(Robin Dunbar),进化心理学家,牛津大学教授,莫德林学院研究员。他的主要研究领域是「社会遗传学」。 已经出版的图书包括《科学的烦恼》(TheTrouble with Science),《梳毛、八卦及语言的进化》(GROOMING GOSSIP AND the EvolutionofLanguage)和《人类的故事》(The Human Story),《你需要多少朋友》(How Many Friends does one Person Need?)。他的作品被媒体誉为「带着最新研究和新成果的热气」,「强劲有力,且发人深省」。
An evolutionary explanation on the (social) origin of language. An interesting attempt to connect sociality to biological discoveries.
评分从梳毛到八卦,从身体到内心。多巴胺的进化也是神奇。人这种东西把无中生有发展到了极致。
评分脑子放烟花
评分脑子放烟花
评分脑子放烟花
之前没细读这本书的时候,曾以为作者是在高度肯定「语言」的功能,还以为语言可以完美地胜任社交。 看完后才发现,作者认为「语言」只是「梳毛」行为的「廉价替代品」。一开始并不明白这个「廉价」的意思。二刷时候发现,作者意在指出语言在社交上、在满足人类情感需求上,还有...
评分语言的出现可谓是人类进化史上里程碑式的时刻,多少惊人的的发明与壮举得益于此!可是另一方面,我们日常挂在口边或乐于聆听的语言似乎又跟伟大沾不上边。想想每天跟亲友的对话,是琐碎小事、奇谈八卦居多,还是全球经济、政治局势居多?畅销榜上的图书,有多少是值得认真咀嚼...
评分对于我来说,《梳毛》这本书里的信息量比较大,很多细节可以拿来琢磨。 我的点可能比较奇怪。让我特别想拿来琢磨的,是一个比较边缘的话题(相对于这本书的主题思想而言)。 在第 7 章《最初的语言》里,有一句话让我有些震撼。这句话就是:“……一个令人费解的人类行为特点:...
评分你打开任一个直播平台,我们总可以找到有些主播会在镜头前卖力地表演“尬舞”,在郑州人民公园“尬舞”甚至成为一种万人围观的景观,网络视频在短短几天时间里点击量就能破千万;你走到任一个社区广场,那里十有八九已经被广场舞大妈热闹地占据;夜晚你走到社区的彩票站周围,...
评分牛津教授邓巴在这本书里提出了一个惊世骇俗的观点——人类的语言和大猩猩的梳毛,其实没有什么区别! 原来,梳毛能产生放松感和快感,让大脑产生“鸦片物质”,因此梳毛成了猩猩深化友谊的社交通行证;而八卦和梳毛相同的地方在于——八卦其实也能让人脑产生类似的愉悦物质,拉...
Grooming, Gossip, and the Evolution of Language pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024