Matthew Desmond is an American sociologist and urban ethnographer. He is currently the John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University and Co-Director of the Justice and Poverty Project. The author of several books, including the award-winning book, "On the Fireline," and "Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City," Desmond was awarded a MacArthur "Genius" grant in 2015 for his work on poverty in America.
From Harvard sociologist and MacArthur "Genius" Matthew Desmond, a landmark work of scholarship and reportage that will forever change the way we look at poverty in America
In this brilliant, heartbreaking book, Matthew Desmond takes us into the poorest neighborhoods of Milwaukee to tell the story of eight families on the edge. Arleen is a single mother trying to raise her two sons on the $20 a month she has left after paying for their rundown apartment. Scott is a gentle nurse consumed by a heroin addiction. Lamar, a man with no legs and a neighborhood full of boys to look after, tries to work his way out of debt. Vanetta participates in a botched stickup after her hours are cut. All are spending almost everything they have on rent, and all have fallen behind.
The fates of these families are in the hands of two landlords: Sherrena Tarver, a former schoolteacher turned inner-city entrepreneur, and Tobin Charney, who runs one of the worst trailer parks in Milwaukee. They loathe some of their tenants and are fond of others, but as Sherrena puts it, “Love don’t pay the bills.” She moves to evict Arleen and her boys a few days before Christmas.
Even in the most desolate areas of American cities, evictions used to be rare. But today, most poor renting families are spending more than half of their income on housing, and eviction has become ordinary, especially for single mothers. In vivid, intimate prose, Desmond provides a ground-level view of one of the most urgent issues facing America today. As we see families forced into shelters, squalid apartments, or more dangerous neighborhoods, we bear witness to the human cost of America’s vast inequality—and to people’s determination and intelligence in the face of hardship.
Based on years of embedded fieldwork and painstakingly gathered data, this masterful book transforms our understanding of extreme poverty and economic exploitation while providing fresh ideas for solving a devastating, uniquely American problem. Its unforgettable scenes of hope and loss remind us of the centrality of home, without which nothing else is possible.
每次产业转型的背后都会有一批人成为“发展的垫脚石”,这些人被排除在主流视线之外,成为中产阶层眼中并不存在的社会灰色人群。在发达国家,他们是“城市贫民”“社会底层”,在中国,他们的身份构成更为复杂,有农民工、贫困户、体制改革后的下岗职工。 对于这些人来说,无法...
评分原标题 | 家:占有与驱逐 作者 | 项飙(牛津大学人类学院教授 ) 本文为《扫地出门:美国城市的贫穷与暴力》导读,理想国7月出版。 1. 2007 年,美国次贷危机爆发。谢伦娜·塔弗(Sherrena Tarver)觉得这是一个千载难逢的发财良机。谢伦娜是威斯康星州密尔沃基为数极少的黑人...
评分原标题 | 家:占有与驱逐 作者 | 项飙(牛津大学人类学院教授 ) 本文为《扫地出门:美国城市的贫穷与暴力》导读,理想国7月出版。 1. 2007 年,美国次贷危机爆发。谢伦娜·塔弗(Sherrena Tarver)觉得这是一个千载难逢的发财良机。谢伦娜是威斯康星州密尔沃基为数极少的黑人...
评分 评分读到结尾作者说不想用第一人称写作,然而对于这本故事性极强的非虚构小说实在是一点也喜欢不起来= = 基本的结论 1被驱逐被视为个人失败,人们不容易意识到这是社会不公正导致的结果 2贫困的社区不会像工会一样联合起来要求住户的权益 3警察不愿意三次以上造访同一房产,导致很多人不报警,有更多暴力和危险事件发生 4贫困导致抑郁等其他心理疾病 5贫困者自控能力差 6带孩子的家庭更难找到住房 7男性更容易选择离开自己的家庭而女性(单亲母亲)会被和孩子绑在一起 8住房市场存在大量(基于种族的)剥削 10住房法庭和陪审团更代表房东的利益,因为房东更参与司法过程也更有经济实力和资源去维护自己的利益。总之居住稳定=社会关系网稳定=心理稳定=社区稳定。作者主张住房权利,推广贫困家庭住房直接补贴 Chris
评分丧到不行的田野研究。没有作者的亲身研究,恐怕普通民众对于1%的贫困人民的生活实在无法想象。驱逐带来的身心疲惫,往往附加着心理创伤,丢失工作和仅有的财产。同理心在此时往往显得过于渺小,而司法部门亦无法保证贫困人民的基本权利。结尾作者推广住房权利,让贫困家庭拿到津贴。在这有个小小的疑问,书中所选取的主人公都偏弱势(单亲母亲,断腿男人。。),但是贫困家庭也同样存在着一部分暴力群体男性,靠榨取女性为生。书中经常有提到描写说某某男人跑了,给她留下了n个孩子的,如果说住房权利推广也涵盖这一部分男性,那会不会变成他们继续以此谋生的手段呢?
评分Milwaukee田野调查笔记
评分被驱逐,是贫困的另一面。居无定所带来的心理创伤以及被驱逐带来的一系列影响,诸如人力资本的摧毁和饥寒交迫的折磨,让人们陷入无休止的贫穷恶性循环之中。似乎经济学家真没有写过关于被驱逐导致的一系列经济后果,倒是写了不少关于foreclosure,申请破产,或者晚年个人财富突遭褫夺引发的一些列影响。现在看来,数据其实就在那里。
评分阅读过程是痛苦的,然而受益良多。
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