卡爾·波普爾爵士(Sir Karl Raimund Popper)是當代西方傑齣的科學哲學傢和社會哲學傢。他的《曆史決定論的貧睏》(The Poverty of Historicism)和《開放社會及其敵人》(The Open Society and its Enemies)是西方民主思想寶庫中的經典著作。波普爾曾經由於這兩部書獲得過英國女皇頒授的爵位。
Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. "The Open Society and Its Enemies" was the result.In the book, Popper condemned Plato, Marx, and Hegel as "holists" and "historicists" - a holist, according to Popper, believes that individuals are formed entirely by their social groups; historicists believe that social groups evolve according to internal principles that it is the intellectual's task to uncover. Popper, by contrast, held that social affairs are unpredictable, and argued vehemently against social engineering. He also sought to shift the focus of political philosophy away from questions about who ought to rule toward questions about how to minimize the damage done by the powerful. The book was an immediate sensation, and - though it has long been criticized for its portrayals of Plato, Marx, and Hegel - it has remained a landmark on the left and right alike for its defense of freedom and the spirit of critical inquiry.
波普尔所提到的开放社会,是针对柏拉图的理想国、黑格尔的民族国家以及马克思的无产阶级专政的国家而言,后面这三种国家的形式都会导致专制、独裁的封闭社会。 波普尔说,柏拉图的理想国,来自于一种对史前原始社会的浪漫幻想以及一种唯美主义。我认为波普尔过多揣测了别人的心...
評分暗夜,不見星辰。逝水如斯,流年輪替。走笔怅叹,悲淒莫名!逝者如斯,时光之舟,载不动,万古同悲! 抚今追昔,“聚散终有期,日久见人心”的话语,看来还是不错的。谬托知己,有時,亦是人生中不可避免之经历……知音难覓,俞钟、管鲍、嵇阮、李杜之交,可遇而不可求。 叔本...
評分真奇怪!这书竟没有小豆们的一点点脚印。 说实在,这算是难得一见的好书,特别是对社会现象,社会心理,社会发展有兴趣的小豆们,应该去看一看。 本书对一众哲人的理论进行了深入的评析。诸如,柏拉图、黑格尔、马克思等。并在此基础上,阐明自己的“开放社会”的理念。 我们...
評分暗夜,不見星辰。逝水如斯,流年輪替。走笔怅叹,悲淒莫名!逝者如斯,时光之舟,载不动,万古同悲! 抚今追昔,“聚散终有期,日久见人心”的话语,看来还是不错的。谬托知己,有時,亦是人生中不可避免之经历……知音难覓,俞钟、管鲍、嵇阮、李杜之交,可遇而不可求。 叔本...
評分提到民主,我就有太多的话不吐不快,尤其从范跑跑的这件事情中,我惊讶地发现中国民众的启蒙程度之低令人痛心,早在欧洲十八世纪就已经完成了的启蒙运动,竟到了今天也未在中国生根,倒是封建社会的那一套仁义道德,跨越了几千年历史的时空永生不死,盘踞在华夏大地简直称得...
批柏批黑批的好爽,對馬剋思倒是分外地溫柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽,對馬剋思倒是分外地溫柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽,對馬剋思倒是分外地溫柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽,對馬剋思倒是分外地溫柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽,對馬剋思倒是分外地溫柔。
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