The Open Society and Its Enemies, Vol. 2 pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
卡尔·波普尔爵士（Sir Karl Raimund Popper）是当代西方杰出的科学哲学家和社会哲学家。他的《历史决定论的贫困》（The Poverty of Historicism）和《开放社会及其敌人》（The Open Society and its Enemies）是西方民主思想宝库中的经典著作。波普尔曾经由于这两部书获得过英国女皇颁授的爵位。
- 波普尔
- 政治哲学
- 哲学
- philosophy
- 黑格尔
- 马克思主义
- 马克思
- 英文
Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. "The Open Society and Its Enemies" was the result.In the book, Popper condemned Plato, Marx, and Hegel as "holists" and "historicists" - a holist, according to Popper, believes that individuals are formed entirely by their social groups; historicists believe that social groups evolve according to internal principles that it is the intellectual's task to uncover. Popper, by contrast, held that social affairs are unpredictable, and argued vehemently against social engineering. He also sought to shift the focus of political philosophy away from questions about who ought to rule toward questions about how to minimize the damage done by the powerful. The book was an immediate sensation, and - though it has long been criticized for its portrayals of Plato, Marx, and Hegel - it has remained a landmark on the left and right alike for its defense of freedom and the spirit of critical inquiry.
具体描述
读后感
波普尔所提到的开放社会，是针对柏拉图的理想国、黑格尔的民族国家以及马克思的无产阶级专政的国家而言，后面这三种国家的形式都会导致专制、独裁的封闭社会。 波普尔说，柏拉图的理想国，来自于一种对史前原始社会的浪漫幻想以及一种唯美主义。我认为波普尔过多揣测了别人的心...
评分Popper（波普或波普尔）最值得敬佩的地方在于他的批判精神和对理性的执着。开放社会的概念正是波普哲学在政治上的合理推论，了解所谓“批判理性主义”必读。 这种哲学态度的价值在于对极权主义有超强的抵抗力，然而却也容易陷入不可知论的泥沼。 Anyway,理性万岁！
评分【按语：上卷的一个浮光掠影；附加下卷结尾部分。 《开放社会及其敌人（The open society and its enemies）》或许是一本古怪的书：一方面，你会讶异于Popper在知识上广博的跨度，他了解当代神学家Karl Barth的神学思想，分析了哲学家Whitehead的思想，对历史学家Tonybee的《...
评分暗夜，不見星辰。逝水如斯，流年輪替。走笔怅叹，悲淒莫名！逝者如斯，时光之舟，载不动，万古同悲！ 抚今追昔，“聚散终有期，日久见人心”的话语，看来还是不错的。谬托知己，有時，亦是人生中不可避免之经历……知音难覓，俞钟、管鲍、嵇阮、李杜之交，可遇而不可求。 叔本...
评分现代文明社会的国家利益，除了短期的经济利益外，更重要的是自由民主、宪政法治的长远利益。之所以不同于那些【 极权、独裁、专制、人治、暴政 】的社会，就在于它的普世价值观，和在普世价值的原则指导下，建立的【 自由、民主、宪政、法治、善政 】的社会体系。 自由、民主、...
用户评价
批柏批黑批的好爽，对马克思倒是分外地温柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽，对马克思倒是分外地温柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽，对马克思倒是分外地温柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽，对马克思倒是分外地温柔。
评分批柏批黑批的好爽，对马克思倒是分外地温柔。
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