卢梭,18世纪法国启蒙思想家、哲学家、教育家、文学家、音乐家,法国大革命的思想先驱,启蒙运动最卓越的代表人物之一,被誉为“现代民主政体之父”。卢梭坚持社会契约论,主张建立资产阶级的“理性王国”;强调自由平等,反对压迫;提出“天赋人权”,反对专制、暴政。其代表作有:《论人类不平等的起源和基础》、 《社会契约论》、《爱弥儿》、《忏悔录》等。
With the publication of "The Social Contract" in 1761, Jean-Jacques Rousseau took his place among the leading political philosophers of the Enlightenment. Like his contractarian predecessors (Thomas Hobbes and John Locke), Rousseau sought to ground his political theory in an understanding of human nature, which he believed to be basically good but corrupted by the conflicting interests within society. Here self-interest degenerated into a state of war from which humanity could only be extricated by the imposition of a contract.As a party to the compact, each individual would find his true interest served within the political expression of the community of man, or the "general will." What is the content of human nature and how does it compel mankind to come together to create a civil society? What form does this society take? What benefits does it offer its citizens, and what must each individual sacrifice to reap its rewards? How does sovereign power manifest itself, and what consequences follow for those who choose not to abide by the "general will"? Does Rousseau's political theory set forth a blueprint for democracy - one that results in equality, universal suffrage, and popular sovereignty - or is it a recipe for central state totalitarianism?These are just a few of the complex questions that will confront readers of "The Social Contract". Whatever their intent or ultimate result, Jean-Jacques Rousseau's views on the state and man's relationship to it have culminated in one of the most powerful and compelling pieces of political philosophy ever written.
这篇书评是我对社会契约论的一个简单的思路整理和对一些比较有启示的话的思考。 知识在总是在错综复杂的关系中连通着。 1.自由: 卢梭从人的自由开始起论。“人是生而自由的,却无往不在枷锁之中,自以为是自由的主人的人,反而比其他一切更是奴隶”。 什么是自由?一个人...
评分每一个人心中都有着自己的理想国,只不过在这方面,文学家们更乐于用系统的文字把它奉献出来而已。今天我要讲述的就是一个小国寡民的理想国的故事,不过它不同于老子的古风,而是带着近代民主思想的萌芽,这就是法国思想家卢梭《社会契约论》里的世界。 说实话这本书我读得有些...
评分今晚是我们这个读书小组的第一次讨论,欢迎大家来到这个小小的学术共同体。 每次过东校区看到朝气蓬勃的面孔都很激动,你们总是让我想到顾城的一句诗:“你没有 见过乌云.你的眼睛有蓝天一样的颜色。”这让我仿佛回到几年前在珠海校区与世隔绝的度假式的大一、大二生活,...
评分从客观上来讲,卢梭的这部著作使西方社会从以个体“小我”为基本单元的社会结构过度到以社会科学为依据的团体契约形成的“大我”结构,完成了西方社会向团体和谐发展的方向挺进的理论基础先导的任务。它引领西方社会高速发展,在区区200多年间,完成了一个又一个跨越——以本书...
评分我曾经觉得卢梭是一个口是心非的人物。之所以给我这样的感觉,源于他早年的一篇文章《论科学与艺术》。当时第戎学院有奖征答一个问题,即艺术和科学的复兴有没有改善人们的举止和道德。卢梭的好友狄德罗建议他回答“不”,因为这样的回答更容易得奖。最后,无论出于怎样的动机...
The greatest illustration of the Political Model of Mankinds
评分The greatest illustration of the Political Model of Mankinds
评分The greatest illustration of the Political Model of Mankinds
评分权力如何集中与分配,社会如何治理与发展。绝对的经典,强烈推荐所有大学生都应该读一读。
评分The greatest illustration of the Political Model of Mankinds
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