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出版者:University Of Chicago Press

作者:Graham Hammill

出品人:

页数:352

译者:

出版时间:2012-10-1

价格:USD 35.00

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780226314983

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• 政治哲学
• 政治神学
• 现代性
• 早期现代性
• 思想史
• 近代早期
• 英文版
• 英文原版
• Political Theology
• Early Modernity
• Theology
• Politics
• History
• Religion
• Modernity
• Ideology
• Philosophy
• Criticism

现代政治神学与早期现代性的交织：一部跨学科研究 图书名称：《政治神学与早期现代性：信仰、权力与国家构建的交汇点》 作者： [在此处留空，或填写虚构作者名] 导言：当神圣的权威遭遇世俗的治理 本书深入探究了早期现代欧洲（约1500年至1800年）政治思想、宗教信仰与国家建构之间的复杂互动。在这一关键的历史时期，旧有的、以神为中心的宇宙观正受到挑战，而新的世俗化、理性化的政治秩序正在艰难地萌芽。本书的核心论点在于，理解早期现代国家的兴起——从绝对君主制到早期宪政实验——必须回归其深植于中世纪神学遗产中的“政治神学”结构。 本书并非一部传统意义上的宗教史或政治史，而是一次深刻的、跨学科的诠释学考察，旨在揭示信仰（特别是基督教神学）如何不仅为早期现代的政治权威提供了合法性基础，同时也成为了权力斗争、意识形态冲突和主权概念诞生的核心动力。我们将聚焦于“主权”（Sovereignty）、“自然法”（Natural Law）、“公共领域”（Public Sphere）以及“世俗化”（Secularization）等核心概念的早期演变，并展示它们如何与神学话语（如恩典、启示、选民概念）紧密纠缠。 第一部分：神学遗产与主权观念的诞生 第一章：从教会权威到君权神授：中世纪的遗响与过渡 本章考察了中世纪晚期天主教教义中关于“双剑论”（Two Swords Theory）的争论，以及教皇权力和世俗君主权力之间持续的张力。我们将分析奥卡姆的威廉和邓斯·司各脱等思想家如何通过“意志论”神学，开始为君主的自主性奠定哲学基础。重点将放在君权神授理论的早期形态——它如何巧妙地将上帝的直接授权嫁接到世俗统治者的头上，从而巩固了王权的不可侵犯性。我们还将审视中世纪末期“罗马法”复兴如何与基督教教义融合，为建立统一的、覆盖领土的行政国家提供了法律工具。 第二章：宗教改革的政治反响：分裂中的新秩序 马丁·路德的“唯独信心”原则和“两个王国”理论对欧洲政治结构造成了颠覆性的冲击。本章详细分析了宗教改革（路德宗、加尔文宗、激进再洗礼派）如何直接催生了政治理论的爆炸式发展。路德将世俗权力提升至近乎神圣的地位，用以镇压“属灵的”农民起义。相比之下，加尔文主义，特别是其在苏格兰和法国的传播，催生了“反抗权”（Right of Resistance）的理论，为后来的共和主义思想埋下了种子。我们将对比分析约翰·阿尔都西乌斯和让·布丹对主权本质的界定，前者强调社群的起源，后者则在宗教冲突的背景下，将不可分割的绝对主权视为维护国家和平的唯一解药。 第三章：绝对主义的形而上学基础：霍布斯与利维坦的创世 托马斯·霍布斯的《利维坦》被视为早期现代政治神学的集大成者与终结者。本章将霍布斯的社会契约论置于其对人类“自然状态”的病理学诊断中。我们论证，霍布斯实际上是在用一种高度世俗化的“创世记”来重塑政治领域：主权者是人工的神，他的权力来源于被造物（人民）的同意，但一旦建立，其权威便具有了近乎宗教律法的约束力。对比分析霍布斯对教会权威的彻底驯服，揭示他如何通过将信仰纳入国家控制，来彻底解决宗教分裂带来的政治危机。 第二部分：限制与新的合法性场域 第四章：自然法、上帝的理性与国际法 早期现代的战争与殖民扩张，迫使思想家们超越单一主权国家的界限，寻求普遍适用的道德基础。本章聚焦于格劳修斯和普芬道夫等人的自然法理论。我们探讨了这些理论如何试图将基督教伦理（如公正战争理论）从具体的宗教启示中剥离出来，使其成为独立于任何特定信仰的“理性”法则。然而，我们也强调，这种“世俗化”的自然法并未完全抛弃神学，而是假定上帝是这些永恒理性的立法者，从而在世俗法律之上保留了一层神圣的最终背书。 第五章：非君主制的挣扎：共和主义的幽灵 在君主制成为主流的时代，共和主义的理想从未完全消亡。本章分析了早期现代意大利城邦政治（如马基雅维利对罗马的推崇）和后来的英格兰内战时期（如米尔顿、哈灵顿）的共和主义思想。这些思想家关注公民德性（Virtù）、良序的结构，以及权力制衡的必要性。关键在于，这些共和主义者如何试图用“共同利益”或“法律至上”来取代神授的君主，从而开辟了一条与“政治神学”相抗衡的世俗政治道路，尽管他们往往仍需引用古典或基督教的道德权威来支撑自己的立场。 第六章：启蒙运动的挑战：从神谕到人的理性 启蒙运动标志着政治神学影响力的衰退，但并非彻底的消失。本章考察了洛克对政府有限性的论证，以及他如何区分了“教会的权力”与“国家的权力”。洛克的宽容论，看似彻底的宗教自由宣言，实则构建了一种新的、以保障个人财产权和生命权为核心的世俗契约。我们还将分析早期世俗启蒙思想家（如霍尔巴赫）如何正面挑战宗教信仰在政治中的地位，并将主权最终归属于“人民的理性”，而非上帝的意志。 结论：政治神学的遗产与现代性的双重性 本书的结论部分总结了政治神学如何在早期现代国家构建的进程中扮演了“必要之恶”的角色——它既是暴政的工具，也是秩序的基石。我们认为，现代政治思想的许多核心矛盾（例如，国家主权与个人自由之间的紧张关系）正是早期神学与世俗理性冲突的遗留问题。现代世俗国家体系并非对神权政治的简单取代，而是一种复杂的“去神圣化”过程，在这个过程中，神圣的属性被转移到了世俗的概念上，如“人民”、“民族”或“宪法”。本书旨在提醒读者，理解现代政治的结构，必须回溯到那些塑造了我们权力观念的、古老而强大的神学回声。 关键词： 政治神学、早期现代性、主权、自然法、宗教改革、绝对主义、共和主义、世俗化。

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当我开始阅读《Political Theology and Early Modernity》时，我立刻被一种强烈的学术探究精神所吸引。作者的笔触是如此沉稳而富有力量，仿佛一位经验丰富的考古学家，正在一层一层地剥开历史的尘埃，露出埋藏在其中的思想瑰宝。我尤其关注作者如何处理“早期现代”这个概念本身，它究竟涵盖了哪些具体的历史时期和文化背景？是文艺复兴时期的意大利城邦，还是宗教改革的德国，抑或是法国的君主制扩张？而“政治神学”又在这个框架下扮演了怎样的角色？它不仅仅是教会对政治的介入，更是指那些将神圣秩序、终末论、甚至是上帝的属性抽象出来，用来解释和合法化世俗权力运作的理论框架。我期待作者能够清晰地界定这些核心概念，并通过具体的历史案例来展现它们是如何被不同时代的人物所理解、应用和重塑的。例如，路德的宗教改革是否彻底颠覆了教皇的政治权威，还是仅仅改变了权威的来源和运作方式？马基雅维利在《君主论》中对权力的冷峻分析，又如何在政治神学的语境下被解读？是否存在一种“世俗化的政治神学”，即便是摒弃了直接的神圣诉求，也依然继承了其结构性的思维方式？ I am also eager to see how the author addresses the concept of sovereignty during this transition. Was it a sudden emergence, or a gradual solidification of power that was previously more fragmented? The interplay between the divine mandate and the emerging claims of human agency in establishing and maintaining political order is a central puzzle I hope this book will help me solve. The author's ability to synthesize diverse philosophical and theological traditions, from scholasticism to the early Enlightenment thinkers, will be crucial in demonstrating the complex intellectual lineage of political thought in this era. My hope is for a narrative that is both intellectually rigorous and engaging, one that allows me to appreciate the profound shift in how power was understood and legitimized, a shift deeply intertwined with evolving theological understandings.

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我带着一种探索的心态翻开了《Political Theology and Early Modernity》。这本书名本身就充满了一种学术的张力，它将“政治神学”这一古老而又重要的概念，置于“早期现代”这一剧烈变革的时代背景下进行考察。我迫切地想知道，作者将如何揭示这两者之间千丝万缕的联系。我期望这本书能为我呈现一幅生动的历史画卷，让我看到，在那个信仰与理性、教会与国家、神圣与世俗界限尚未完全清晰的时代，政治权力是如何借助神学语言来构建其合法性，而神学思想又如何在政治的土壤中生根发芽，甚至催生出新的政治形态。 I am particularly interested in how the author might address the influence of concepts like the "body of Christ" or "ecclesia" on understandings of political community and the state. Were there theological arguments that saw the political realm as a mirroring or even an extension of the divine or ecclesiastical order? The book might also explore the impact of theological debates on concepts of justice, law, and the duties of both rulers and subjects. My personal intellectual journey has always been drawn to understanding the deep historical currents that shape our present, and this book promises to provide a crucial insight into the foundational ideas that underpinned the political order of early modern Europe, a period whose legacy continues to profoundly influence our contemporary world. The anticipation of a scholarly yet accessible exploration of these complex themes, revealing the enduring power of political theology, makes this a profoundly exciting prospect.

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《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这本书，对我的吸引力在于其对历史深层结构的挖掘。我常常觉得，许多当代的政治冲突和思想分歧，其根源都可以追溯到那些我们不甚了解的、但却至关重要的历史时期。早期现代，尤其是宗教改革和随后一系列冲突的年代，无疑是塑造西方政治思想的关键时期。我想知道，这本书会如何阐释“政治神学”在这个时期扮演的角色。它是否仅仅是一种理论的构建，还是深刻地影响了实际的政治决策和权力运作？我希望作者能够通过具体的历史人物和事件，比如宗教战争中的宣传、教会与国家之间的权力博弈、以及不同神学思想家对政体形式的论述，来展现政治神学的活力与韧性。 Furthermore, I am keen to explore how the concept of "heresy" and "orthodoxy" in religious terms translated into political discourse. Were political opponents often branded as heretics, and was the state seen as an instrument of divine judgment against religious deviance? The book might also shed light on the emergence of new forms of religious and political community, and how theological ideas influenced the very idea of "belonging" to a political entity. My personal interest in the sociology of knowledge and the formation of collective identities makes this aspect of the book particularly compelling. I am looking forward to a scholarly investigation that not only clarifies abstract theological arguments but also demonstrates their tangible impact on the lives and political structures of early modern Europe, offering a richer understanding of how ideas shape societies.

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《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这本书，对我的吸引力在于它触及了政治思想史上一个极为关键但也常常被忽视的领域。我一直觉得，要理解西方现代政治制度的形成，绕不开早期现代那段充满宗教变革的岁月。我想知道，这本书会如何阐释“政治神学”在这个时期的具体表现。它是否意味着，政治的逻辑和语言，在很大程度上受到宗教教义和神学思辨的影响？我期望作者能够深入到当时的文本和思想中，去发现那些被隐藏在政治实践背后的神学驱动力。例如，路德和加尔文的思想，是如何影响了当时欧洲的政治格局的？而罗马教廷又是如何通过其政治神学来维护自身权威的？ I am also very eager to understand how the concept of "community" was understood within early modern political theology. Was the ideal political community a reflection of a divinely ordered cosmos, and how did theological ideas influence notions of citizenship and belonging? The book might also shed light on the emergence of new forms of religious and political identity, and how theological debates contributed to the formation of distinct national or confessional identities. My personal intellectual quest lies in understanding how abstract theological frameworks translate into the lived realities of individuals and societies, and how these realities, in turn, shape the evolution of those frameworks. The prospect of a richly detailed and nuanced exploration of these intricate relationships, demonstrating the pervasive influence of political theology in the formation of early modern political thought, makes this a truly essential read.

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这是一部我一直翘首以盼的著作，我怀揣着极高的期待翻开了《Political Theology and Early Modernity》。从书名来看，它似乎预示着一场深入探讨政治权力本质与宗教信仰之间复杂纠缠的旅程，尤其是在那段跨越了中世纪末期和现代早期、充满剧烈变革的欧洲历史时期。我期望作者能够带领我穿梭于那个时代错综复杂的思想图景中，去理解那些曾经笼罩在神权光辉下的政治秩序是如何逐渐演变，又如何孕育出新的世俗权力观念的。我想知道，究竟是哪些宗教思想的火花点燃了政治革新的火焰，又是哪些政治权力的诉求反过来塑造了宗教的表达和实践？这本书会不会为我揭示，在那个信仰与理性、神圣与世俗界限模糊的年代，政治神学是如何充当起一种桥梁，连接起统治者对绝对权力的渴望与被统治者对精神慰藉的追寻？我特别好奇，作者是否会深入剖析诸如“君权神授”、“神恩”、“教会权威”等概念在那个时期的具体演变和不同国家、不同思想家之间的差异。 Furthermore, I am keenly interested in understanding how the burgeoning scientific revolution and the Age of Exploration might have subtly, or perhaps not so subtly, impacted these theological underpinnings of political power. Did the discovery of new worlds and the increasing emphasis on empirical observation begin to chip away at the divinely ordained order, or did they, in some unexpected ways, reinforce it? The sheer complexity of this historical juncture, with its religious wars, burgeoning nation-states, and the intellectual ferment of the Renaissance and Reformation, suggests a rich tapestry of ideas to be unraveled. My anticipation lies in witnessing how the author navigates this intricate landscape, drawing connections between seemingly disparate concepts and illuminating the foundational role of political theology in shaping the very fabric of early modern society and its enduring legacy. The promise of a nuanced and comprehensive exploration of this crucial period, viewed through the lens of political theology, makes this a truly exciting prospect for any intellectually curious reader.

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在接触《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这部作品之前，我对早期现代的政治思想史，尤其是其宗教根基方面，一直存在着一些模糊的认识。我总觉得，那是一个充满混乱和冲突的时代，但究竟是什么力量在驱动着这些冲突，又是什么思想在维系着那些摇摇欲坠的权力结构，我并没有一个清晰的脉络。这本书的出现，对我来说，就像是为我点亮了一盏探照灯，让我得以窥见那个时代思想的幽微之处。我期望作者能够深入挖掘那些被淹没在历史洪流中的思想家和文本，去展现政治神学如何在不同地域、不同社会群体中以何种面貌呈现。例如，在天主教国家，政治神学是否依然与教会的教义紧密相连，而新教地区，政治神学又可能发展出怎样的特点？而那些新兴的共和国，如荷兰，是否也存在着独特的政治神学表达？ I am particularly intrigued by the potential for the author to explore the visual and material culture of early modern political theology. Were there specific symbols, rituals, or artistic representations that served to reinforce theological claims about political authority? The book might offer insights into how sermons, public processions, and even architectural designs were employed to communicate and legitimize political power through theological means. My personal fascination with the intersection of ideas and practice makes this aspect particularly appealing. I am eager to understand how abstract theological doctrines were translated into tangible political realities, and how these realities, in turn, influenced the development of theological thought. The prospect of a richly detailed and nuanced exploration that goes beyond mere intellectual history, delving into the lived experience and symbolic expressions of political theology, makes this a profoundly exciting read for me.

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我抱着极大的好奇心打开了《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这本书。从书名来看，它似乎将焦点置于一个我一直深感兴趣的领域：政治与宗教如何相互塑造，尤其是在一个历史性的转型时期。早期现代，这个词本身就充满了动荡和变革的气息，我想象着那个时代的人们，在信仰的摇摆不定中，如何在政治的洪流中寻找自己的位置。我期望作者能够为我梳理出一条清晰的逻辑线索，让我理解在那个信仰尚未完全被理性所取代的时代，政治权力的合法性是如何从神圣领域汲取力量的。这是否意味着，任何对政治秩序的辩护，都必然要诉诸某种超越性的解释？而当这种超越性的解释发生变化时，政治的根基又会如何动摇？ I am particularly eager to understand the author's approach to the concept of "natural law" within this framework. How did early modern thinkers reconcile divine revelation with reasoned principles of governance, and did political theology play a role in bridging this perceived gap? The book might explore how concepts like "divine right of kings" evolved and were challenged, and what alternative theological or proto-secular justifications for political authority emerged. My personal intellectual journey has often involved grappling with the enduring influence of religious thought on secular institutions, and this book promises to provide a crucial historical grounding for such explorations. I am looking forward to a scholarly yet accessible examination that sheds light on the intricate relationship between the sacred and the profane in the formation of early modern political thought, a relationship that continues to resonate in complex ways even today. The promise of a comprehensive and insightful analysis of this crucial historical juncture, viewed through the lens of political theology, makes this an incredibly valuable addition to my bookshelf.

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翻开《Political Theology and Early Modernity》，我仿佛进入了一个充满思想交锋的古老殿堂。我对这本书的期待，在于它能否帮助我理解，在那个教会权威尚未被彻底瓦解，而君主权力也正处于上升期的特殊时代，政治与宗教是如何水乳交融，又相互角力的。我希望作者能够通过细致的梳理，展现政治神学是如何为君主的统治提供神圣的依据，同时，又如何在特定的历史条件下，被用来限制或挑战君主的权力。例如，新教改革是否仅仅是一场宗教运动，还是也深刻地改变了政治的权力结构和合法性来源？而天主教会又如何利用其政治神学资源来应对新教的挑战？ I am particularly keen to explore the author's perspective on the concept of "resistance theory" within political theology. Did theological justifications for overthrowing tyrannical rulers emerge, and if so, what were their theological underpinnings? The book might also delve into the evolving relationship between the church and the state, and how theological disputes sometimes led to outright political conflict. My personal fascination with the dynamic interplay between ideas and power dynamics makes this aspect of the book incredibly appealing. I am looking forward to a rigorous academic treatment that not only elucidates the theoretical constructs of political theology but also demonstrates their profound impact on the actual political landscape of early modern Europe, offering a crucial historical perspective on the enduring tension between religious belief and political authority.

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在我看来，《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这本书提供了一个绝佳的机会，让我能够深入理解那个塑造了现代世界政治格局的重要历史阶段。我一直认为，要理解现代政治的逻辑，就必须回溯到它的思想源头，而“政治神学”恰恰是连接古代与现代、神圣与世俗的关键环节。我期望作者能够为我揭示，在那个宗教信仰深度参与政治生活的时代，政治权力是如何通过神学语言来包装和合法化的。这是否意味着，统治者的权威，至少在表面上，始终与神圣的秩序联系在一起？而当这种联系受到挑战时，政治的合法性又将面临怎样的危机？ I am also very interested in how the author might engage with concepts like "providence" and "divine intervention" in political decision-making during this period. Were rulers expected to act in accordance with perceived divine will, and how did this influence their policies and interactions with other states? The book might also delve into the role of religious institutions, such as universities and church councils, in shaping political discourse and influencing the actions of rulers. My personal intellectual curiosity lies in understanding the mechanisms by which abstract theological beliefs become embedded in concrete political systems and how these systems, in turn, evolve over time. The promise of a detailed and nuanced exploration of these dynamics, demonstrating the pervasive influence of political theology in early modern Europe, makes this a truly indispensable read for anyone interested in the historical roots of Western political thought.

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《Political Theology and Early Modernity》这本书，从我个人阅读的角度来看，它提供了一个极为宝贵的视角来理解我们当下社会某些政治现象的根源。我一直觉得，要理解现代政治体制的运作，不弄清楚它们在历史长河中的“基因”是如何形成的，是远远不够的。而“政治神学”这个概念，在我看来，恰恰触及了这种“基因”的核心。作者可能试图揭示，在早期现代，当“上帝”作为政治合法性最直接的来源时，政治的逻辑和语言是怎样的。它必然涉及到对“神圣意志”的解释，对“末世审判”的恐惧与希望，以及如何在具体的政治实践中“翻译”这些神圣原则。我很好奇，当教会权威衰落，民族国家兴起时，政治神学又是如何自我调整，以适应新的政治现实的。是不是像霍布斯这样的大思想家，在试图建立一个强大的、世俗的政治秩序时，依然借用了许多神学上的概念和隐喻，例如“利维坦”这样的形象，本身就带有强烈的神学色彩？ Furthermore, I am very keen to explore how the concept of "order" itself was conceived within this early modern political theological framework. Was it a divinely ordained harmony, or a human construct that required constant vigilance and perhaps even coercion to maintain? The book might delve into how ideas of law, justice, and rebellion were understood when filtered through a theological lens, and how these understandings began to shift as secular rationalism gained ground. My personal interest lies in tracing the continuity and discontinuity of these ideas. Did the abstract principles of political theology simply disappear with the Enlightenment, or did they transmute into new forms, perhaps in the language of natural rights or the social contract? The potential for this book to illuminate such deep historical continuities, providing a rich context for understanding contemporary political discourse, makes it an exceptionally compelling read for me.

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第一部分有几篇文章甚好，尤其是Galli讨论S的Hamlet；第二部分多鸡肋，Lezra的引出Schiller实属剑走偏锋，以此讨论现代政治的表征问题太单薄了

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第一部分有几篇文章甚好，尤其是Galli讨论S的Hamlet；第二部分多鸡肋，Lezra的引出Schiller实属剑走偏锋，以此讨论现代政治的表征问题太单薄了

评分☆☆☆☆☆

第一部分有几篇文章甚好，尤其是Galli讨论S的Hamlet；第二部分多鸡肋，Lezra的引出Schiller实属剑走偏锋，以此讨论现代政治的表征问题太单薄了

评分☆☆☆☆☆

第一部分有几篇文章甚好，尤其是Galli讨论S的Hamlet；第二部分多鸡肋，Lezra的引出Schiller实属剑走偏锋，以此讨论现代政治的表征问题太单薄了

评分☆☆☆☆☆

第一部分有几篇文章甚好，尤其是Galli讨论S的Hamlet；第二部分多鸡肋，Lezra的引出Schiller实属剑走偏锋，以此讨论现代政治的表征问题太单薄了