Chapter 1 Refactoring, a First Example 1
The Starting Point 　　1
The First Step in Refactoring　　 7
Decomposing and Redistributing the Statement Method 　　8
Replacing the Conditional Logic on Price Code with Polymorphism 　 34
Final Thoughts 　　52
Chapter 2: Principles in Refactoring 　　　53
Defining Refactoring 　　53
Why Should You Refactor　　55
When Should You Refactor 　　 57
What Do I Tell My Manager　　 60
Problems with Refactoring 　　62
Refactoring and Design 　　66
Refactoring and Performance　　69
Where Did Refactoring Come From　　 71
Chapter 3: Bad Smells in Code (by Kent Beck and Martin Fowler)　　 75
Duplicated Code 　76
Long Method 　76
Large Class 　　　78
Long Parameter List　　78
Divergent Change　 79
Shotgun Surgery 　　80
Feature Envy　　 80
Data Clumps 　　81
Primitive Obsession 　　81
Switch Statements 82
Parallel Inheritance Hierarchies　　83
Lazy Class 　　83
Speculative Generality 　　83
Temporary Field 　　84
Message Chains　　 84
Middle Man　　85
Inappropriate Intimacy 　　85
Alternative Classes with Different Interfaces 85
Incomplete Library Class86
Data Class　　 86
Refused Bequest 　　 87
Comments　　 87
Chapter 4: Building Tests　　89
The Value of Self-testing Code 　　89
The JUnit Testing Framework 　　91
Adding More Tests　　 97
Chapter 5: Toward a Catalog of Refactorings
Format of the Refactorings~103
Finding References 105
How Mature Are These Refactorings　　106
Chapter 6: Composing Methods　　　109
Extract Method 　　110
Inline Method　　 117
Inline Temp 　　119
Replace Temp with Query 　　120
Introduce Explaining Variable　　124
Split Temporary Variable　　128
Remove Assignments to Parameters　　131
Replace Method with Method Object　　135
Substitute Algorithm 　　139
Chapter 7: Moving Features Between Objects　　141
Move Method　　 142
Move Field　　146
Extract Class　　149
Inline Class　　 154
Hide Delegate 　　157
Remove Middle Man　　160
Introduce Foreign Method　　162
Introduce Local Extension 　　164
Chapter 8: Organizing Data　　169
Self Encapsulate Field　 171
Replace Data Value with Object　　 175
Change Value to Reference 　　179
Change Reference to Value 　　183
Replace Array with Object 　186
Duplicate Observed Data　 189
Change Unidirectional Association to Bidirectional　 197
Change Bidirectional Association to Unidirectional　 200
Replace Magic Number with Symbolic Constant 　　204
Encapsulate Field 　　206
Encapsulate Collection 　　208
Replace Record with Data Class　217
Replace Type Code with Class 　　 218
Replace Type Code with Subclasses　　223
Replace Type Code with State/Strategy 　　227
Replace Subclass with Fields 　　232
Chapter 9: Simplifying Conditional Expressions　　　　　　.237
Decompose Conditional　　238
Consolidate Conditional Expression 　　 240
Consolidate Duplicate Conditional Fragments 　　243
Remove Control Flag 　　 245
Replace Nested Conditional with Guard Clauses 　　250
Replace Conditional with Polymorphism　　 255
Introduce Null Object　　260
Introduce Assertion 　　267
Chapter 10: Making Method Calls Simpler　　　　271
Rename Method 　　 273
Add Parameter 　　275
Remove Parameter 277
Separate Query from Modifier　　 279
Parameterize Method 　　283
Replace Parameter with Explicit Methods 　　285
Preserve Whole Object 　　 288
Replace Parameter with Method　　 292
Introduce Parameter Object 　　 295
Remove Setting Method　　300
Hide Method　　 303
Replace Constructor with Factory Method 　　　 304
Encapsulate Downcast　　 308
Replace Error Code with Exception 　　310
Replace Exception with Test　　 315
Chapter 11: Dealing with Generalization319
Pull Up Field 　　 320
Pull Up Method 　　322
Pull Up Constructor Body 　　 325
Push Down Method 　　328
Push Down Field 　　329
Extract Subclass 　　330
Extract Superclass　　336
Extract Interface 　　341
Collapse Hierarchy 　　　344
Form Template Method　　345
Replace Inheritance with Delegation 　　352
Replace Delegation with Inheritance 　　355
Chapter 12: Big Refactorings (by Kent Beck and Martin Fowler)　　359
Tease Apart Inheritance　　362
Convert Procedural Design to Objects 　　368
Separate Domain from Presentation 　　370
Extract Hierarchy 　　　375
Chapter 13: Refactoring, Reuse, and Reality (by William Opdyke) 　　379
A Reality Check 　　　　380
Why Are Developers Reluctant to Refactor
Their Programs 　　 　381
A Reality Check (Revisited) 　　　394
Resources and References for Refactoring 　　394
Implications Regarding Software Reuse and Technology Transfer 　　 　395
A Final Note397
References 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　397
Chapter 14: Refactoring Tools (by Don Roberts and John Brant) 401
Refactoring with a Tool 　 401
Technical Criteria for a Refactoring Tool 　 403
Practical Criteria for a Refactoring Tool 　 405
Wrap Up 　　407
Chapter 15: Putting It All Together (by Kent Beck)　　　409
References　　　　413
List of Soundbites 　　　　417
Index　 419
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