具体描述
Mental disorders are among the most prevalent sources of disease burden in the world. Increasing recognition of this burden has led to an explosion of scientific research as well as widespread public attention. Understanding causes and consequences of mental health and mental disorders from the perspective of public health involves unique methods and concepts from many disciplines, including population-based surveys in a life course framework. Prevention and control of mental disorders involves design and execution of intervention trials to prevent disorder in individuals who are currently healthy, and to minimize future consequences for those with current disorder or a history of disorder. Interventions of this type are important because good mental health protects against onset of a variety of mental disorders, as well as being a valued outcome in itself. The complexity of the brain and its relationship to social life requires concepts, methods, and syntheses that are new for epidemiology and public health.
Public Mental Health provides a comprehensive introduction and reference for the public health approach to mental and behavioral disorders, and to promotion of mental health. The volume's chapter authors and coauthors are drawn from the internationally renowned faculty of the Department of Mental Health of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, a department uniquely positioned to create this important resource for researchers, students, and public health practitioners. The volume explicates the latest methodologies for studying the occurrence of mental disorders in populations and provides estimates of burden, cultural differences, natural history, and disparities between population subgroups. It includes reviews of genes as sources of risk for mental disorders, the occurrence of stresses and their timing over the life span, and crises and disasters as sources of risk. The book includes chapters on the structure and functioning of the mental health service system in the United States, and around the world, and a comprehensive review of population-based strategies of intervention to lower risk. A final chapter lays out a path for the evolution of public mental health in the future.
作者简介
William W. Eaton, PhD, is Sylvia and Harold Halpert Professor and Chair of the Department of Mental Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
目录信息
1. The Burden of Mental Disorders
William W. Eaton, Pierre Alexandre, O. Joseph Bienvenu, Diana Clarke, Silvia S. Martins, Gerald Nestadt, Benjamin Zablotsky
2. The Perspectives of Psychiatry: The Public Health Approach
Paul McHugh
3. Global Mental Health Issues: Culture and Psychopathology
Judith K. Bass, William W. Eaton, Sharon Abramowitz, Norman Sartorius
SECTION II: METHODS
4. Assessment of Distress, Disorder, Impairment and Need in the Population
William W. Eaton, Ramin Mojtabai, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos, S. Janet Kuramoto
5. An Introduction to Quantitative Methods Especially Relevant for Public Mental Health
Elizabeth A. Stuart, Jeannie-Marie Sheppard Leoutsakos, Alden L. Gross, S. Janet Kuramoto, William W. Eaton
SECTION III: DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
6. The Population Dynamics of Mental Disorders
William W. Eaton, Pierre Alexandre, Ronald C. Kessler, Silvia S. Martins, Preben Bo Mortensen, George W. Rebok, Carla Storr, Kim Roth
7. The Relationship of Adult Mental Disorders to Race, Socioeconomic Status, Marital Status, and Urbanicity of Residence
Silvia S. Martins, Jean Ko, Sachiko Kuwabara, Diana Clarke, Pierre Alexandre, Peter Zandi, Tamar Mendelson, Preben Bo Mortensen, William W. Eaton
SECTION IV: MECHANISMS OF RISK
8. Genes as a Source of Risk for Mental Disorders
Peter P. Zandi, Brion Maher
9. Mental Disorders Across the Life Span and the Role of Executive Function Networks
Michelle C. Carlson, Dana Eldreth, Yi-Fang Chuang
10. Models of Stress and Adapting To Risk: A Life-Course, Developmental Perspective
Catherine P. Bradshaw, George W. Rebok, Benjamin Zablotsky, Lareina N. LaFlair, Tamar Mendelson, William W. Eaton
11. Adapting To Acute Crisis
Carla L. Storr, Melissa Azur, Judith K. Bass, Holly C. Wilcox
SECTION V: THE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CARE SERVICE SYSTEM
12. Mental Health and the Law
Deborah Agus
13. American Mental Health Services: Perspective through Care Patterns for 100 Adults, With Aggregate Facility, Service and Cost Estimates
Ronald W. Manderscheid, Pierre Alexandre, Anita Everett, Phillip Leaf
14. Community and Public Mental Health Services in the US: History And Programs
Anita Everett, Su Yeon Lee
15. Pathways to Care: Need, Attitudes, Barriers
Ramin Mojtabai, William W. Eaton, Pallab K. Maulik
16. Mental Health Systems around The World
Shekhar Saxena, Judith Bass, Anita Everett, William Eaton, Atieh Novin
SECTION VI: PREVENTION AND THE FUTURE
17. The Logic and Practice of the Prevention of Mental Disorders
Tamar Mendelson, Elise T. Pas, Julie A. Leis, Catherine P. Bradshaw, George W. Rebok, Wallace Mandell
18. Progress Made, But Much More to Be Done
Phillip Leaf, Laysha Ostrow, Ronald W. Manderscheid, David L. Shern, William W. Eaton
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读后感
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用户评价
《公共心理健康》这本书真是让人耳目一新，它不只是简单地罗列了各种心理疾病的症状和治疗方法，更像是一幅宏大的社会图景。作者的笔触非常细腻，深入挖掘了社会结构、经济压力乃至文化变迁是如何潜移默化地影响着我们每个人的心理状态。比如，书中关于“城市化焦虑”的分析就极其到位，它不是抽象地谈论压力，而是通过具体的案例和数据，展现了高密度生活环境如何撕裂人际关系，加剧了无形的精神内耗。我特别欣赏其中对“健康素养”的讨论，这部分内容强调了知识普及的重要性，但又不止步于科普，而是提出了如何将知识转化为社区行动的切实路径。它让人意识到，心理健康不是个体可以独自面对的战场，而是需要整个社区和公共政策共同构建的防线。读完后，我开始以一种全新的视角看待身边那些看似“小事”的社会现象，比如邻里间的冷漠、通勤路上的疲惫，都能从中找到深层的社会根源。这本书的价值在于，它成功地将个体经验与宏大叙事连接起来，让“公共”二字真正有了重量和温度。
评分这本书的叙事节奏拿捏得相当精准，它像一个经验丰富的纪录片导演，知道何时该拉近镜头聚焦于个体痛苦，何时又该拉远镜头审视背后的系统性问题。最让我震撼的是关于“医疗公平性”那一章节的论述。它毫不留情地揭露了在资源分配不均的现实下，弱势群体在寻求心理援助时所面临的重重壁垒。作者没有停留于道德谴责，而是用翔实的研究报告支撑起自己的观点，对比了不同收入阶层在获得专业支持上的巨大鸿沟。这种批判性的视角是极其宝贵的，它迫使读者跳出“精英视角”的舒适区，去正视那些被主流叙事所忽略的声音。对我个人而言，它极大地拓宽了我对“健康”定义的理解，明白了真正的公共健康体系，必须首先是一个公正的体系。阅读过程中，我多次停下来深思，这种对结构性不公的深刻洞察，远超出了我原本对一本“健康”主题书籍的预期。它更像是一部社会诊断书，深刻、有力，且充满了对改变现状的强烈呼吁。
评分这本书的语言风格极其学术化，充满了严谨的逻辑推导和对现有理论的批判性继承，对于习惯了轻松阅读的读者来说，可能需要投入更多的精力。它大量的引用了社会学、流行病学和政策分析领域的专业术语，但这恰恰是其力量所在——它拒绝用廉价的安慰来敷衍复杂的现实。我尤其赞赏作者在构建理论框架时所展现出的跨学科能力。书中对“社会决定因素”的剖析非常透彻，它不再将心理问题简单归咎于生物学缺陷或个人选择，而是将其置于一个由政策、历史和经济环境编织成的复杂网络之中。例如，它对特定历史时期公共卫生政策失误如何为后代埋下心理健康隐患的追溯，逻辑链条清晰，论证严密。虽然阅读起来略显费力，但每攻克一个复杂概念，都能带来巨大的智力满足感，让人感觉自己真正触及到了问题肌理的深处，而不是停留在表面现象的描摹。这是一本需要反复咀嚼、细心研读的深度作品。
评分这本书最独特之处在于它对于“未来趋势”的预判和描绘，它很大胆地将前沿科技——比如人工智能在精神健康监测中的伦理边界，以及虚拟现实技术在创伤治疗中的应用前景——纳入了公共政策的考量范畴。它没有盲目乐观地拥抱技术，而是以一种审慎的批判态度，探讨了技术进步可能带来的新的心理健康挑战，例如“算法孤独感”或“数字鸿沟加剧心理不平等”的可能性。这种前瞻性使得这本书即使在技术飞速迭代的今天，依然保持着极强的现实意义。作者的文笔是介于严谨学术和犀利评论之间的独特风格，它时常使用一些富有画面感的比喻来解释晦涩的概念，使得复杂的技术和社会学议题变得易于理解，但又不失其深度。它迫使我思考，我们今天做的每一个公共卫生决策，都可能在二十年后，成为下一代人需要面对的复杂遗产。这是一本面向未来的、充满智慧的作品。
评分读完后我的第一感受是，这本书充满了建设性的行动指南，它不像许多同类书籍那样只留下无力的叹息。它聚焦的重点在于“预防”和“赋权”。书中详尽地介绍了如何在社区层面建立起初级干预网络，如何利用非专业人士（如教师、社区志愿者）的力量构筑起心理健康的第一道防线。这种自下而上的视角非常鼓舞人心，它赋予了普通民众改变环境的切实工具和信心。作者在设计这些干预措施时，考虑到了文化敏感性和资源的可及性，避免了西方模式的生搬硬套。我特别欣赏其中对“韧性（Resilience）”培养的讨论，这不是指个人如何快速恢复，而是如何设计一个具有内在恢复力的社会系统。整本书读下来，感觉像完成了一次高效的头脑风暴，不仅获得了知识，更重要的是，它激发了强烈的参与欲和责任感，让人迫不及待地想知道，如何将书中的理念付诸实践，去影响身边的微小环境。
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