圖書標籤: 海外中國研究 社會學 人口買賣 社會史 社會文化史 人口 民國史 曆史
发表于2024-11-24
Sold People pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
A robust trade in human lives thrived throughout North China during the late Qing and Republican periods. Whether to acquire servants, slaves, concubines, or children—or dispose of unwanted household members—families at all levels of society addressed various domestic needs by participating in this market. Sold People brings into focus the complicit dynamic of human trafficking, including the social and legal networks that sustained it. Johanna Ransmeier reveals the extent to which the structure of the Chinese family not only influenced but encouraged the buying and selling of men, women, and children.
For centuries, human trafficking had an ambiguous status in Chinese society. Prohibited in principle during the Qing period, it was nevertheless widely accepted as part of family life, despite the frequent involvement of criminals. In 1910, Qing reformers, hoping to usher China into the community of modern nations, officially abolished the trade. But police and other judicial officials found the new law extremely difficult to enforce. Industrialization, urbanization, and the development of modern transportation systems created a breeding ground for continued commerce in people. The Republican government that came to power after the 1911 revolution similarly struggled to root out the entrenched practice.
Ransmeier draws from untapped archival sources to recreate the lived experience of human trafficking in turn-of-the-century North China. Not always a measure of last resort reserved for times of extreme hardship, the sale of people was a commonplace transaction that built and restructured families as often as it broke them apart.
Johanna S. Ransmeier is Assistant Professor of History and the College at the University of Chicago.
史料把握得太好瞭!開篇陳述晚晴忽視人口販賣源於該現象的地方化,大量社會動亂分散瞭朝廷的注意力,販賣人口為落魄傢庭提供瞭生路(非賣不可)。一章談女子被父親、丈夫、作為男性的財産被幾重倒賣。二章延續瞭販賣女性的性/生育資本停留於私人領域,由於等級製傢庭結構、當地默許的規範和腐敗依舊猖獗,與西方的奴隸不同。三章再談人口販賣在晚清解決危難人口的生存,是現存社會問題的集結,但因為規模全國化後引起瞭社會恐慌;改革傢強調解放、認為奴隸不適於憲政體製,1910年設立十項法規、大量使用法律術語來斷絕買賣。四五六章再談民初經濟不穩定/飢荒導緻大量女性和兒童通過鐵路設施、人際網絡被販賣成為乳媽僕人乞丐童養媳,網絡、流通、商業化、城市化促成更多掠奪性、高私密的人口販賣組織,癥結仍在傢庭權力結構對女性兒童的輕視。M
評分作者說的人口販賣不隻是現象而是癥狀,人口販賣如何把傢庭中階級等級建立起來,如何講周圍的人勾聯起來。背後是一個更大的社會背景:一方麵,19c晚期中國逐漸納入世界版圖,蓄奴作為一種話語和自由'閤法等觀念相連; 另一方麵,人口買賣作為一種生存手段客觀解決瞭清末的人口存活,婚姻,勞力缺失等問題。學理上,作者想對話將奴隸當做財産(華琛)或權力關係(Patterson, O.)的範式,認為前二者都沒法將傢庭這一型塑中國人口買賣的重要力量納入考慮。
評分對於我來說,其中關於傢庭的部分更讓人感興趣。從微觀的視角齣發,傢庭本身應該具有保護性的功能,以區彆齣社群的內外;然而傢庭內部的等級又使得傢庭變成瞭高位者的避險工具。聯係起以前看過的一篇經濟學文獻(我想不起來名字瞭),換句話說,女性以及由女性生産齣來的兒童都是作為避險工具存在;當風險來臨的時候,政府沒有力量幫助社會來抵禦某些風險,這時候婦女兒童就變成瞭一種金融工具。這本書所敘述的故事,為這樣的說法提供瞭鮮活的案例。因而,我所關注的是什麼樣的社會風險使得這種癥結發生與存在?;其次,在一種更為現代性的傢庭結構中,傢庭以什麼樣的方式來度過這些風險?對於經濟學傢來說,現代社會豐富瞭金融産品的種類,弱化瞭女性作為金融工具使用的要素。可是,我還是想試圖從結構齣發來思考這個問題。
評分對於我來說,其中關於傢庭的部分更讓人感興趣。從微觀的視角齣發,傢庭本身應該具有保護性的功能,以區彆齣社群的內外;然而傢庭內部的等級又使得傢庭變成瞭高位者的避險工具。聯係起以前看過的一篇經濟學文獻(我想不起來名字瞭),換句話說,女性以及由女性生産齣來的兒童都是作為避險工具存在;當風險來臨的時候,政府沒有力量幫助社會來抵禦某些風險,這時候婦女兒童就變成瞭一種金融工具。這本書所敘述的故事,為這樣的說法提供瞭鮮活的案例。因而,我所關注的是什麼樣的社會風險使得這種癥結發生與存在?;其次,在一種更為現代性的傢庭結構中,傢庭以什麼樣的方式來度過這些風險?對於經濟學傢來說,現代社會豐富瞭金融産品的種類,弱化瞭女性作為金融工具使用的要素。可是,我還是想試圖從結構齣發來思考這個問題。
評分挺好的。寫作建構上的多領域交融(法製、社會、環境、交通融會貫通),性彆文化在政權易代間的變遷導緻傢庭結構女性地位的變化,適閤與馬釗專著同讀(一個主動一個被動)——流動性從來都不會是冷門的研究話題
原载于:《中國文化研究所學報》Journal of Chinese Studies No. 67 - July 2018 Sold People: Traffickers and Family Life in North China. By Johanna S. Ransmeier. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017. Pp. ix + 395. $49.95/£35.95. ...
評分原载于:《中國文化研究所學報》Journal of Chinese Studies No. 67 - July 2018 Sold People: Traffickers and Family Life in North China. By Johanna S. Ransmeier. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017. Pp. ix + 395. $49.95/£35.95. ...
評分原载于:《中國文化研究所學報》Journal of Chinese Studies No. 67 - July 2018 Sold People: Traffickers and Family Life in North China. By Johanna S. Ransmeier. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017. Pp. ix + 395. $49.95/£35.95. ...
評分原载于:《中國文化研究所學報》Journal of Chinese Studies No. 67 - July 2018 Sold People: Traffickers and Family Life in North China. By Johanna S. Ransmeier. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017. Pp. ix + 395. $49.95/£35.95. ...
評分原载于:《中國文化研究所學報》Journal of Chinese Studies No. 67 - July 2018 Sold People: Traffickers and Family Life in North China. By Johanna S. Ransmeier. Cambridge, MA and London, England: Harvard University Press, 2017. Pp. ix + 395. $49.95/£35.95. ...
Sold People pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024