圖書標籤: 大數據 社會學 美國 數字社會學 inequality 數學 社會 政治科學
发表于2024-05-20
Weapons of Math Destruction pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
A former Wall Street quant sounds an alarm on mathematical modeling—a pervasive new force in society that threatens to undermine democracy and widen inequality.
We live in the age of the algorithm. Increasingly, the decisions that affect our lives—where we go to school, whether we get a car loan, how much we pay for health insurance—are being made not by humans, but by mathematical models. In theory, this should lead to greater fairness: Everyone is judged according to the same rules, and bias is eliminated. But as Cathy O’Neil reveals in this shocking book, the opposite is true. The models being used today are opaque, unregulated, and uncontestable, even when they’re wrong. Most troubling, they reinforce discrimination: If a poor student can’t get a loan because a lending model deems him too risky (by virtue of his race or neighborhood), he’s then cut off from the kind of education that could pull him out of poverty, and a vicious spiral ensues. Models are propping up the lucky and punishing the downtrodden, creating a “toxic cocktail for democracy.” Welcome to the dark side of Big Data.
Tracing the arc of a person’s life, from college to retirement, O’Neil exposes the black box models that shape our future, both as individuals and as a society. Models that score teachers and students, sort resumes, grant (or deny) loans, evaluate workers, target voters, set parole, and monitor our health—all have pernicious feedback loops. They don’t simply describe reality, as proponents claim, they change reality, by expanding or limiting the opportunities people have. O’Neil calls on modelers to take more responsibility for how their algorithms are being used. But in the end, it’s up to us to become more savvy about the models that govern our lives. This important book empowers us to ask the tough questions, uncover the truth, and demand change.
Catherine ("Cathy") Helen O'Neil is an American mathematician and the author of the blog mathbabe.org and several books on data science, including Weapons of Math Destruction. She was the former Director of the Lede Program in Data Practices at Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism, Tow Center and was employed as Data Science Consultant at Johnson Research Labs.
She lives in New York City and is active in the Occupy movement.
迷信大數據的時代,需要好好讀一下這本書
評分學術界的人或許會說這裏都是例子,比較淺薄,不成體係也沒有深度。但我覺得這裏的討論都非常有價值,作者也非常真誠。作為一個比較早的討論統計和數據方法的倫理以及社會公平的讀物來說,我覺得值得贊美一下。
評分大數據模型在參數選擇上的任意,數據統計上的不科學,模型適用的不科學推廣,導緻大數據模型在招生就業犯罪和選舉問題上的不公正和不平等。雖然都是舉例,但介紹瞭數據對人生活加以掌控的方方麵麵。
評分通篇讀完覺得稍空瞭一些 中途迴想起實習時的貸款延期批準模型 誤判率數字背後都聯係著顧客生計 唉想來不止是一個技術問題這麼簡單 作者自己從業經曆背景也蠻厲害的 總體論調不反智!
評分學術界的人或許會說這裏都是例子,比較淺薄,不成體係也沒有深度。但我覺得這裏的討論都非常有價值,作者也非常真誠。作為一個比較早的討論統計和數據方法的倫理以及社會公平的讀物來說,我覺得值得贊美一下。
虽然是很多事实的罗列,但如果不去看,可能永远也不会知道。前半部分比较无趣,后半部分有种战斗的感觉。 人类发明出来的许多工具都是中性的,关键是如何利用。这可能不仅仅是一个科技上的问题,更是一个道德问题。风险共担的意识在大数据时代更为重要和宝贵。因为一旦违背道德...
評分 評分 評分感谢 recall 这本书的不知名同学,谢谢你逼得我用4个小时读完。 作者创造了“数学杀伤性武器”(Weapons of Math Destruction, WMD)这个词指代统计模型,探讨现实生活中统计模型的大规模应用对社会的影响。 正面例子是棒球、篮球比赛的分析,可以即时调整战术(参考《点球成金...
Weapons of Math Destruction pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024