The Merchants of Zigong pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

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Madeleine Zelin

Columbia University Press

2006-1-18

432

USD 80.00

Hardcover

9780231135962

图书标签: 经济史海外中国研究自贡商人历史费正清东亚研究奖自贡曾小萍美国汉学

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发表于2024-05-11

The Merchants of Zigong epub 下载 mobi 下载 pdf 下载 txt 电子书下载 2024

The Merchants of Zigong pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

图书描述

At the periphery of the Chinese empire, a group of innovative entrepreneurs built companies that dominated the Chinese salt trade and created thousands of jobs in the Sichuan region. From its dramatic expansion in the early nineteenth century to its decline on the eve of the Sino-Japanese War in the late 1930s, salt production in Zigong was one of the largest and one of the only indigenous large-scale industries in China. Madeleine Zelin recounts the history of the salt industry to reveal a fascinating chapter in China's history and provide new insight into the forces and institutions that shaped Chinese economic and social development independent of Western or Japanese influence. Her book challenges long-held beliefs that social structure, state extraction, the absence of modern banking, and cultural bias against business precluded industrial development in China. Zelin details the novel ways in which Zigong merchants mobilized capital through financial-industrial networks. She describes how entrepreneurs spurred growth by developing new technologies, capturing markets, and building integrated business organizations. Without the state establishing and enforcing rules, Zigong businessmen were free to regulate themselves, utilize contracts, and shape their industry. However, this freedom came at a price, and ultimately the merchants suffered from the underdevelopment of a transportation infrastructure, the political instability of early-twentieth-century China, and the absence of a legislative forum to develop and codify business practices. Zelin's analysis of the political and economic contexts that allowed for the rise and fall of the salt industry also considers why itssuccess did not contribute to "industrial takeoff" during that period in China. Based on extensive research, Zelin's work offers a comprehensive study of the growth of a major Chinese industry and resituates the history of Chinese business within the larger story of worldwide industrial development.

The Merchants of Zigong 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书

著者简介

作者:(美)曾小萍译者:董建中

曾小萍(Madeleine zelin)，1970年毕业于美国康奈尔大学，获学士学位，1979年毕业于美国加州大学伯克利分校，获博士学位。现任美国哥伦比亚大学历史系、东亚语言和文化系教授，美国教育部东亚国家资源中心主任，中美关系全国委员会理事，曾任哥伦比亚大学东亚研究所主任。研究领域为清代和民国时期的社会经济史、中国法律史、中外法律比较研究。著有《州县官的银两：18世纪中国的合理化财政改革》、《自贡商人：近代中国早期的企业家》，曾将茅盾的小说《虹》译为英文。

图书目录

The Merchants of Zigong pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载

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用户评价

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Book of Professor Zelin. She is a nice and humorous person. Feel honored of studying Chinese economic history with her. #EconomicHistory

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Long-tern investment from Shaanxi merchants & 4 institutions enrolled in this salt industry & creativity and adaptability that channel entrepreneurality to industrial enterprise does not necessarily generate capitalism.

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Book of Professor Zelin. She is a nice and humorous person. Feel honored of studying Chinese economic history with her. #EconomicHistory

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该书利用档案材料，以自贡为例重新审视了中国本土传统工业。作者认为商业合伙人制度在自贡盐井开发和盐业生产中扮演了重要角色。任意几个生产要素便可以结成合伙关系，然后订立契约根据习俗分配股份，并由承首人和大关之类的具有职业经理人性质的中间人负责具体经营。这一制度将众多零散的资源结合起来，共同承担风险，支撑起大规模资本投资。宗族是许多自贡盐业企业的组织基础，族产则是宗族内重要的投资基金的来源，同时宗族在组织上的潜能和管理各类不同财产的经验可以转化为推动企业纵向和横向一体化发展，控制盐业产销的每一个环节。在这里宗族几乎起到了等同于近代商业公司的作用。因此，自贡并非普通的手工工场，而是一个工业城市。以自贡盐业的生产、运输、销售过程为核心，出现了一个覆盖周边省份的广阔的经济体系，体现了中国传统经济的另一面

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延续碾压式档案搜集和解读之余，更将甚少被目为加州学派一员的曾氏推入中国内生资本主义问题讨论，惜大谈社科理论、简单横向对比英美资本主义初发，却钝化某些锐利观察。极力展示四川自贡盐业基于私人资本和家族组织的产权分配和财源管理（合伙、股权、租赁、借贷、买卖合同），市场扩展，分工明细，技术自发进步，雇佣自由外地劳力并形成劳工组织，上下游产业整合，与国家谈判征税等资本主义商业组织和社会影响萌芽，却忽视两个一直转圈的大问题—时间巧合，每次跃进都恰好迎来政治社会动荡挫折（传统商帮—乾隆后地方政府腐败低效，市场扩展、纵横整合—太平天国、各地征厘斗争，现代组织—革命、清亡、军阀，基础建设、发展附加产业—抗战压力）；空间双刃剑，自贡偏安、长江上溯运输不便，既允许其软性抵抗官府而自生，却又阻塞其进一步深度扩张。