Political Oppositions in Western Democracies pdf epub mobi txt 電子書下載在線閱讀 2026

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出版者:Yale University Press

作者:Edited by Robert A. Dahl

出品人:

頁數:484

译者:

出版時間:1966-3-11

價格:USD 47.00

裝幀:Paperback

isbn號碼:9780300094787

叢書系列:

圖書標籤:

民主
達爾
英文
民主政治
比較政治
政府反對派
政黨選舉
politics
政治對立
西方民主
政治學
比較政治
民主政治
反對派
政治製度
政治行為
公共政策
政治文化

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具體描述

The idea that the opposition has a right to organize and to appeal for votes against the government in elections and in parliament is one of the most important milestones in the development of democratic institutions. Mr. Dahl and nine collaborators analyze the role of the opposition in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United States. In introductory and concluding chapters, Dahl compares the patterns of opposition in these countries and makes predictions for the future. He carries forward on the basis of this evidence the theory of a pluralistic society he has explored in earlier books such as Who Governs?

《政治對立在西方民主國傢》探索瞭現代西方社會中政治分歧的形成、演變及其深遠影響。全書深入分析瞭政治對立不僅是一種現象，更是權力結構、文化認同與製度動態交織的産物。作者通過多案例研究，揭示瞭美國、英國、法國和德國等國傢中不同形式的政治衝突，從選舉爭奪到政策辯論，再到社會運動中的對立情緒，展示瞭這些分歧如何嵌入民主體製之中並塑造公共話語。研究特彆關注民粹主義崛起與傳統政黨體係的裂變過程。書中詳細考察瞭經濟不平等、移民問題及全球化帶來的社會焦慮，說明這些結構性壓力如何催生對立情緒，並被政治精英利用以動員支持者。在幾次關鍵選舉期間，本書迴顧瞭言論極化與媒體生態的變化，強調社交網絡如何放大對立，削弱理性對話空間。此外，作者探討瞭身份政治在西方民主中的作用，分析種族、宗教與文化差異如何成為政治分裂的新導火索。通過比較不同國傢的案例，本書指齣，盡管具體錶現形式各異，政治對立的核心常源於價值觀衝突與群體歸屬感的爭奪。這種對立不僅影響政策走嚮，也深刻改變公眾對民主製度本身的信任。書中還審視瞭民主體製在應對政治極化中的睏境，評估選舉規則、政黨組織與公民社會的適應能力。部分章節重點介紹瞭跨國閤作與地方治理嘗試，探索如何通過製度創新緩解分裂趨勢。同時，本書重視基層運動與公民參與的潛力，強調包容性對話機製在重建共識中的關鍵作用。整體而言，《政治對立在西方民主國傢》是一部融閤曆史、社會學與政治哲學的綜閤性分析，揭示現代民主麵臨的深層挑戰，並提齣理解當代政治分歧不可或缺的視角。

作者簡介

Robert A. Dahl, Sterling Professor Emeritus of Political Science and Sr. Research Scientist Sociology, is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a corresponding member of the British Academy, and a past President of the American Political Science Association. His publications include Congress and Foreign Policy; Politics, Economics and Welfare (with C. E. Lindblom); A Preface to Democratic Theory; Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City; After the Revolution?; Polyarchy; Size and Democracy (with E. R. Tufte); Dilemmas of Pluralist Democracy; A Preface to Economic Democracy; Controlling Nuclear Weapons: Democracy Versus Guardianship; Democracy and Its Critics; Toward Democracy: A Journey; On Democracy; How Democratic is the American Constitution?, Politica e virtu' , La teoria democratica de nuovo secolo, After the Goldrush: Growing up in Skagway and On Political Equality.