The Open Society and Its Enemies pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
卡尔·波普尔爵士（Sir Karl Raimund Popper）是当代西方杰出的科学哲学家和社会哲学家。他的《历史决定论的贫困》（The Poverty of Historicism）和《开放社会及其敌人》（The Open Society and its Enemies）是西方民主思想宝库中的经典著作。波普尔曾经由于这两部书获得过英国女皇颁授的爵位。
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One of the most important books of the twentieth century, Karl Popper's The Open Society and Its Enemies is an uncompromising defense of liberal democracy and a powerful attack on the intellectual origins of totalitarianism. Popper was born in 1902 to a Viennese family of Jewish origin. He taught in Austria until 1937, when he emigrated to New Zealand in anticipation of the Nazi annexation of Austria the following year, and he settled in England in 1949. Before the annexation, Popper had written mainly about the philosophy of science, but from 1938 until the end of the Second World War he focused his energies on political philosophy, seeking to diagnose the intellectual origins of German and Soviet totalitarianism. The Open Society and Its Enemies was the result.
An immediate sensation when it was first published in two volumes in 1945, Popper's monumental achievement has attained legendary status on both the Left and Right and is credited with inspiring anticommunist dissidents during the Cold War. Arguing that the spirit of free, critical inquiry that governs scientific investigation should also apply to politics, Popper traces the roots of an opposite, authoritarian tendency to a tradition represented by Plato, Marx, and Hegel.
In a substantial new introduction written for this edition, acclaimed political philosopher Alan Ryan puts Popper's landmark work in biographical, intellectual, and historical context. Also included is a personal essay by eminent art historian E. H. Gombrich, in which he recounts the story of the book's eventual publication despite numerous rejections and wartime deprivations.
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提到民主，我就有太多的话不吐不快，尤其从范跑跑的这件事情中，我惊讶地发现中国民众的启蒙程度之低令人痛心，早在欧洲十八世纪就已经完成了的启蒙运动，竟到了今天也未在中国生根，倒是封建社会的那一套仁义道德，跨越了几千年历史的时空永生不死，盘踞在华夏大地简直称得...
评分历史主义由来已久。从波普尔的著作来看，可以追溯到古希腊时代。赫拉克里特是第一个具有鲜明历史主义观点的人，他把世界看成庞大的垃圾堆，一切事物 时时刻刻都在发生变化，是运动的。柏拉图是集大成者，他承认了变化，并宣称历史必然是向着某一个方向进展，但是他认为变化...
评分波普尔所提到的开放社会，是针对柏拉图的理想国、黑格尔的民族国家以及马克思的无产阶级专政的国家而言，后面这三种国家的形式都会导致专制、独裁的封闭社会。 波普尔说，柏拉图的理想国，来自于一种对史前原始社会的浪漫幻想以及一种唯美主义。我认为波普尔过多揣测了别人的心...
评分亚里士多德认为本质（forms or essences）是终点（final cause or ends），因此只有通过变动来实现本质。相比之下，亚里士多德是乐观的（progressive），而柏拉图则是悲观的（decay）。波普尔认为柏拉图和亚里士多德权威的来源在于其哲学契合中世纪极权主义的利益。黑格尔则代...
评分暗无天日的牢房，年迈的他缓缓举起酒杯，这是他钟爱的国家赐他的毒酒。 有人劝他屈服，他拒绝了；有人怂恿他逃到国外，他拒绝了。 卡尔•波普尔说“苏格拉底可能欢迎那次审判，使他有机会证明他对城邦的无限忠诚。” 为了见证他对国家的忠诚，他接受国家的审判，即使国家给他...
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思辨性极强、信息量极大的一本书。1）naive monism, the characteristic of the 'closed society'. critical dualism, of the 'open society'；2）There is no meaning in history. （we make our fate. ）3）目前读还很吃力。内功不够！
评分这个书我在万圣书园买过N本送人，极好
评分思辨性极强、信息量极大的一本书。1）naive monism, the characteristic of the 'closed society'. critical dualism, of the 'open society'；2）There is no meaning in history. （we make our fate. ）3）目前读还很吃力。内功不够！
评分这个书我在万圣书园买过N本送人，极好
评分这个书我在万圣书园买过N本送人，极好
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