圖書標籤: 科學史 哲學 科學哲學 科學 曆史 科普 Lorraine_Daston STS
发表于2024-11-22
Objectivity pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences—and show how the concept differs from its alternatives, truth-to-nature and trained judgment. This is a story of lofty epistemic ideals fused with workaday practices in the making of scientific images.
From the eighteenth through the early twenty-first centuries, the images that reveal the deepest commitments of the empirical sciences—from anatomy to crystallography—are those featured in scientific atlases, the compendia that teach practitioners what is worth looking at and how to look at it. Galison and Daston use atlas images to uncover a hidden history of scientific objectivity and its rivals. Whether an atlas maker idealizes an image to capture the essentials in the name of truth-to-nature or refuses to erase even the most incidental detail in the name of objectivity or highlights patterns in the name of trained judgment is a decision enforced by an ethos as well as by an epistemology.
As Daston and Galison argue, atlases shape the subjects as well as the objects of science. To pursue objectivity—or truth-to-nature or trained judgment—is simultaneously to cultivate a distinctive scientific self wherein knowing and knower converge. Moreover, the very point at which they visibly converge is in the very act of seeing not as a separate individual but as a member of a particular scientific community. Embedded in the atlas image, therefore, are the traces of consequential choices about knowledge, persona, and collective sight. Objectivity is a book addressed to anyone interested in the elusive and crucial notion of objectivity—and in what it means to peer into the world scientifically.
Lorraine Daston is Director at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, Germany. She is the coauthor of Wonders and the Order of Nature, 1150-1750 and the editor of Things That Talk: Object Lessons from Art and Science (both Zone Books).
Peter Galison is Pellegrino University Professor of the History of Science and of Physics at Harvard University. He is the author of Einstein's Clocks, Poincaré's Maps: Empires of Time, How Experiments End, and Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics, among other books, and coeditor (with Emily Thompson) of The Architecture of Science (MIT Press, 1999).
結構清晰,邏輯通順,文風簡潔。太好看瞭。從atlas image入手研究認識型,可以說是給研究找到瞭一個豐富、恰當又便於理解的anchor,truth-to-nature, mechanic objectivity and trained judgment的三種再現模型的論述極其精彩。其理論基礎明顯由Foucault、Crary和Haraway發展而來,但是比以上三人都…簡潔清晰通順。
評分十分精彩的關於truth-to-nature vs.mechanical objectivity的討論。我是真心喜歡Daston的書
評分to reread
評分最有啓發的部分,莫過於Structural Objectivity一章,算是追根溯源地解釋瞭二十世紀各類邏輯、演算係統的齣現和發展原因。但同時略感遺憾的CS這一上世紀後半期興起的學科在書中幾乎沒有討論。在image making方麵幾乎是和Structural Objectivity保持一緻的,同時Graphics和AR/VR方麵的興起,其實又和最後一章有著共鳴,無論從任何一個角度考慮其實CS都是可以成為書中很好的材料的。
評分十分精彩的關於truth-to-nature vs.mechanical objectivity的討論。我是真心喜歡Daston的書
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Objectivity pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024