圖書標籤: 心靈哲學 哲學 Philosophy 西哲 意識 心理學 分析哲學 neuro
发表于2024-11-05
Matter and Consciousness pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
In Matter and Consciousness, Paul Churchland clearly presents the advantages and disadvantages of such difficult issues in philosophy of mind as behaviorism, reductive materialism, functionalism, and eliminative materialism. This new edition incorporates the striking developments that have taken place in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence and notes their expanding relevance to philosophical issues. Churchland organizes and clarifies the new theoretical and experimental results of the natural sciences for a wider philosophical audience, observing that this research bears directly on questions concerning the basic elements of cognitive activity and their implementation in real physical systems. (How is it, he asks, that living creatures perform some cognitive tasks so swiftly and easily, where computers do them only badly or not at all?) Most significant for philosophy, Churchland asserts, is the support these results tend to give to the reductive and the eliminative versions of materialism. A Bradford Book.
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評分取消論(eliminativism)不同於傳統的物理主義:它不是要將心靈狀態(信念、願望等)還原為物理性質,而是從根本上攻擊以這些狀態描述心靈的範式,即民間心理學(folk psychology)。在論證層麵,取消論將民間心理學及其依據的功能主義與在既往科學革命中被掃除的煉金術類比,以圖揭示前者的無能;但恰恰是從同一個論證中,擁有不同的存在論的人反而能夠發現化學對煉金術的勝利是一場可悲的勝利,是為瞭微觀的可確證性放棄宏觀的自然解釋力的決定——總之,是對意義之發生的忘卻。就其建立起神經科學與化學等的相似性而言,取消論至少在理論上是真誠的,它不像民間心理學的支持者那樣虛無主義,即明明不相信心靈的獨特性,卻還要僞善地堅持它。取消論激化瞭由這種僞善所掩蓋的矛盾,有助於人們選擇自己真正認可的理論立場。
評分我應該再過幾韆年再開始瞭解神經學的,那時候人類對腦部研究肯定比現在成熟多瞭,現在開眼閉眼腦子裏都是神經學和精神分析學的正確關係問題,簡直是純粹的自找煩惱
評分真的很無聊很無聊
評分我應該再過幾韆年再開始瞭解神經學的,那時候人類對腦部研究肯定比現在成熟多瞭,現在開眼閉眼腦子裏都是神經學和精神分析學的正確關係問題,簡直是純粹的自找煩惱
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Matter and Consciousness pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024