图书标签: 历史 苏联俄罗斯 苏联 政治经济学 政治史 history
发表于2024-11-08
Collapse of an Empire pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
In today's Russia, nostalgia for the Soviet era is growing. Many Russians reflect wistfully on the passing of an era when the Soviet Union was a superpower, commanding international respect, and they blame its demise on external enemies and foolish changes in policy. In an address to the Russian Federal Assembly, President Vladimir Putin called the breakup of the Soviet Union the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the 20th century. In Collapse of an Empire: Lessons for Modern Russia , however, economic reformer and former prime minister Yegor Gaidar clearly illustrates why such notions are misguided, ill informed, and dangerous. As he explains in the introduction: "My goal is to show the reader that the Soviet political and economic system was unstable by its very nature. It was just a question of when and how it would collapse." Although the Soviet Union never referred to itself as an empire, it fit Gaidar's definition: "a powerful multiethnic state formation in which the power (or at least the right to vote) is concentrated in the metropolis and its democratic institutions (if they exist), though the power and those institutions do not extend to the entire territory under its control." The U.S.S.R. sat on a shaky foundation of far-flung lands, conquered peoples, centralized authoritarian government, and a command economy overly reliant on natural resources. Gaidar explains why this once-powerful state was doomed to fail eventually, and why Russians should be looking forward rather than backward in building their nation. He worries that Russia is repeating some of its tragic mistakes, including uneven economic development that leaves the nation vulnerable to fluctuations in the energy market. Gaidar uses the Soviet case as a device for understanding the life cycle of empires, which found themselves at the wrong end of history in the twentieth century. World War I spelled the end for the Hapsburgs, Ottomans, and Romanoffs, for example, and Europe's overseas empires began breaking apart after World War II. In the 1990s, the final remaining territorially integrated empire-the Soviet Union-fell. This is no mere coincidence: "The dissolution of empires in the twentieth century is a component of the process of global change that is called modern economic growth." To reproduce such a flawed model of governance would be a tragic mistake, yet many Russians still look backward through rose-colored glasses as their government centralizes power again. Such misplaced nostalgia defies reality while it imperils the future of Russia and its people.
E.T.盖达尔 经济学博士,教授,1992年任俄罗斯联邦政府代总理;1993~1994年任俄罗斯联邦部长会议第一副主席;1994~2004年任“俄罗斯民主选择”党主席;1999~2003年任国家杜马议员,时为“正义力量联盟”党的共同主席之一,同时担任预算及税收委员会委员,现任俄罗斯转型经济研究所所长。
盖达尔先生在刊物上发表过的论文及出版的著作有上百部之多,其中包括:《经济改革与等级结构》(1990);《国家与演变》(1996);《经济增长中的反常现象》(1997);《失败和胜利的岁月》(1998);《漫长的时间——俄罗斯在世界上,经济史随笔》(2005)等等。
索罗斯写的书评开头第一句是“Yegor Gaidar, a hero of Russian reform”。。。这当真不是黑嘛233
评分似乎算是经济决定论 结构主义
评分似乎算是经济决定论 结构主义
评分似乎算是经济决定论 结构主义
评分索罗斯写的书评开头第一句是“Yegor Gaidar, a hero of Russian reform”。。。这当真不是黑嘛233
“丢了一个马蹄铁,折了一匹战马, 损了一位国王,输了一场战争,亡了一个帝国。 ”作者引用这首记述理查三世故事的民谣,倒也不失为对于苏联这个庞大红色帝国突然倾覆的生动诠释。 苏联的经济危机和解体是20世纪末全球最重大、影响最为深远的地缘政治事件。但这看似突然的倾覆...
评分“面包会有的,一切都会有的” 当年我吃着18斤定额粮,听着瓦西里真诚的憧憬的时候,根本不知道在我出生前几年曾经饿死过千百万人,更想不到烧牛肉+电气化的苏维埃居然也跟我们一样要凭票供应短缺的食品。当强悍的苏军也被迫挤占西德援助苏联平民的800万份军用口粮来果腹的时...
评分在学校看完了前面关键的几章,在火车上翻完了后面对俄罗斯帝国消亡过程的描述和分析。 20世纪最后一个帝国,也许是人类历史上最后一个帝国,苏联,似乎是在一夜间倒塌了。造成这种倒塌的原因,大概有两个,经济结构问题,以及在此环境下戈尔巴乔夫推行民主。 苏...
评分经济向来就难以与政治脱了干系。繁盛时,精英们会思度如何让政府民主、廉洁,有效率;萧败时,总有民众会不满现状,妄图揭竿而起。 从经济学角度剖析一个政权的解体,既避免了政治领域形而上的大是大非,又能用各种数据进行佐证,使人们理智的去认知。 作为一名曾经体制内的亲...
评分“面包会有的,一切都会有的” 当年我吃着18斤定额粮,听着瓦西里真诚的憧憬的时候,根本不知道在我出生前几年曾经饿死过千百万人,更想不到烧牛肉+电气化的苏维埃居然也跟我们一样要凭票供应短缺的食品。当强悍的苏军也被迫挤占西德援助苏联平民的800万份军用口粮来果腹的时...
Collapse of an Empire pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024