Thucydides (c. 460 B.C. – c. 395 B.C.) (Greek Θουκυδίδης, Thoukydídēs) was a Greek historian and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the 5th century B.C. war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 B.C. Thucydides has been dubbed the father of "scientific history" due to his strict standards of evidence-gathering and analysis in terms of cause and effect without reference to intervention by the gods, as outlined in his introduction to his work.
He has also been called the father of the school of political realism, which views the relations between nations as based on might rather than right. His classical text is still studied at advanced military colleges worldwide, and the Melian dialogue remains a seminal work of international relations theory.
More generally, Thucydides showed an interest in developing an understanding of human nature to explain behaviour in such crises as plague, genocide (as practised against the Melians), and civil war.
Written four hundred years before the birth of Christ, this detailed contemporary account of the struggle between Athens and Sparta stands an excellent chance of fulfilling the author's ambitious claim that the work "was done to last forever." The conflicts between the two empires over shipping, trade, and colonial expansion came to a head in 431 b.c. in Northern Greece, and the entire Greek world was plunged into 27 years of war. Thucydides applied a passion for accuracy and a contempt for myth and romance in compiling this exhaustively factual record of the disastrous conflict that eventually ended the Athenian empire.
在大学第一学期的《外交学概论》课上,老师说学这个你们读好三本书就行了,修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》,汉斯摩根索的《国家间政治》和肯尼斯沃尔斯的《人、国家与战争》。当时不知所然,也没想过找来读读。直到今天才算都翻过了,还不敢说读过。 而真正激发我读...
評分 評分标 题: (中文)古希臘羅馬著作目錄[轉載自瑪雅咖啡論壇] 原著类: 阿古利可拉传 日耳曼尼亚志 塔西佗,(Tacitus)著 马雍,傅正元译 阿里斯托芬喜剧集 罗念生译 埃斯库罗斯悲剧二种 罗念生译 爱经(附杨周瀚译《变形记》) 奥维德著 戴望舒译 奥德赛 [古希腊]荷马著...
評分一个朋友,苦于儿子临睡前要听故事:不讲孩子不上床,讲了孩子又不叫停。“现在,我只好每晚给他读一段《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》。” 修昔底德会很欣慰的,他的著作竟有如此实际而温馨的功效。而一个成年读者,将发现来自伯罗奔尼撒的消息与现实生活的距离可以这么近。这种“近”...
評分正义和利益,这是一对永恒的矛盾。行正义是否一定带来利益?当然不是,而且,恰恰相反,正义往往带来不利——这样的话,为什么还要行正义呢?有没有独立于任何利益的绝对的正义?这本是个哲学问题,却经由一位“历史学家”得到了极为深刻的阐述——修希底德在记叙伯罗奔尼撒战...
經典英譯本之一。
评分太迷戀Thucydides瞭……
评分所有研究西方曆史,政治,還有in general civilization的人都得讀這本書。
评分如果不提methodology光看narrative的話,我還是挺認同我校政治哲學教授Peter Steinberger說的那句話的:"Herodotus is a historian, and Thucydides is a political philosopher." 總覺得說教比Herodotus還多還死闆,而且那些廢話真韆篇一律令人厭煩,雖然把現實主義的政治觀體現得淋灕盡緻但真的讓我這個左逼越看越反感...
评分修昔底德本人對雅典的民主製的評價並不高,他對伯裏剋利基於公益而采取的策略也並不苛責。他倒是嚴厲批評伯裏剋利的繼承者們錶麵上尊重公眾,實際上卻根本不似伯裏剋利為公眾的公益而謀劃。他認為,他們帶來瞭與伯裏剋利完全不同的結果:在其他和戰爭顯然無關的事務中,私人野心和私人利益引起瞭一些對於雅典人自己和對於他們的同盟國都不利的政策。成功的話,隻會使個人得到名譽和權利;失敗,就會使整個雅典作戰的力量受到損失。之所以會造成這種情況,是因為伯裏剋利的地位,能夠尊重人民的自由,同時又能夠控製他們。因為他從來沒有從不良的動機齣發來追求權力,雖然雅典在名義上是民主政治,事實上權力是在第一個公民手中。但是他的繼承人彼此都是平等的,每個人都想居於首要地位,他們采取籠絡群眾的手段,結果他們喪失瞭對公眾事務的實際領導權。
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