具体描述
与
财务管理是有关创造财富的决策科学，历来受到人们的重视。《财务管理：原
理与实务》从原理和实务两个角度为读者提供一个全面了解财务世界的良好机会。
该书作者Timothyj.Gallagher是美国科罗拉多州立大学资深金融学教授，Joseph
D.Andrew，Jr.是×－Change软件公司的首席财务官（CFO），并且在Webster大学
兼职讲授金融学。
本书共5个部分21章。在金融领域部分，主要探讨企业与金融业的关系；在财
务基本概念部分，涉及到会计、财务报表分析、财务计划预测、风险与收益、货币
的时间价值和股票及债券波动等内容；在长期财务管理决策部分，讨论了资本预算
决策方法、现金流增量估计、资本成本、资本结构基础、公司债券、优先股和普通
股以及股利政策等问题；在短期财务管理决策部分，研究了流动资本、现金管理、
应收账户和存货、短期融资等；在全球财务部分，探讨了国际金融中的有关问题。
书中配有大量案例、自测题及答案，同时使用漫画、图表并配以简洁的文字。
本书同样适合中国各大专院校用作财务管理教材，也可供财务管理人员及有关
科研工作者参考。
《星际拓荒者：失落文明的密码》 引言： 公元2742年，人类文明在经历了“大寂静”时期后，终于再次踏出太阳系的桎梏。然而，宇宙的深邃并非只有冰冷的星辰和虚空。在遥远的仙女座旋臂边缘，一个被编号为“欧米伽-7”的星系吸引了所有顶尖科学家的目光。那里，漂浮着一座庞大到令人窒息的环形结构，它古老、静默，散发着比超新星爆发更强烈的谜团——那是失落的“先驱者文明”遗留下的最后堡垒。 本书并非关于宏大的战争叙事，也不是对异星生物的猎奇描摹。它聚焦于一支精锐的文化考古与语言破译小组——“探针小队”。他们的任务，是潜入这座被称为“方舟”的巨型设施，解读其中蕴含的，可能改写宇宙历史的终极信息。 第一章：寂静的巨构 方舟的尺度远超人类的想象。它直径超过四万公里，表面覆盖着一层奇异的、能吸收所有电磁波的黑色物质。探针小队的主角，天才语言学家艾莉亚·文森特，踏上这片禁地时，她携带的不仅是尖端的扫描设备，还有对所有已知文明结构符号的深刻理解。 “方舟的建筑风格，没有重复任何已知的物理学定律，”通讯官，经验丰富的星际探险家卡尔·雷诺兹在日志中写道，“这里的每一块砖石似乎都在抵抗熵增的铁律。我们不是在探索一座遗迹，而是在攀登一个凝固的时间之塔。” 小队在方舟内部发现的第一批信息，并非传统的文字或图像，而是一种基于量子纠缠态的“信息结构”。这种结构如同三维的数学晶体，其内部的每个节点都代表着一个复杂的概念或一段历史叙事。艾莉亚意识到，解读这些信息，需要她彻底摒弃线性思维，进入一种多维度的逻辑空间。 第二章：维度之语的初探 艾莉亚的破译工作进展缓慢而痛苦。先驱者文明似乎不使用“名词”或“动词”，他们的语言是一种描述“关系”和“状态转变”的动态体系。例如，他们没有一个词来表示“水”，而是有一串复杂的晶体序列，描述了“H2O分子在特定温度和压力下，从液态向固态转换时，其内部结构所产生的共振频率”。 通过对比方舟核心区域发现的能源矩阵图谱，艾莉亚捕捉到了第一个关键信息：“和谐的阈限”。这似乎是先驱者文明对自身存续状态的一种定义。他们记录了自身文明从原始阶段到巅峰阶段的每一步，但奇怪的是，所有关于战争、冲突或资源枯竭的记录，都是一片空白。 “他们似乎完全跳过了我们理解中的‘发展’阶段，”艾莉亚在一次内部会议上提出，“他们像突然从石器时代跃升到了星际时代，中间的过程被抹去了，或者说，他们从未经历过那种‘挣扎’。” 第三章：时间悖论与镜像宇宙 随着小队深入方舟的中央信息库，他们发现了一系列关于“多元宇宙论”的理论模型，其精度远超人类目前的理论物理学。先驱者文明似乎掌握了在不同宇宙分支间进行信息交换的技术。 然而，在这部分信息中，出现了一个令人不安的重复结构——“熵的镜像”。艾莉亚破译出，先驱者文明并非在某一时刻达到巅峰，而是成功地在他们的时间线上，创造了一个“负熵”区域。他们不是战胜了衰亡，而是将衰亡本身投射到了另一个平行的现实中。 卡尔对此感到震惊：“你是说，我们现在看到的‘完美’文明，是建立在另一个宇宙彻底崩塌的基础上的？” 信息库进一步揭示了“方舟”的真正目的：它不是一个知识宝库，而是一个“隔离舱”。先驱者文明发现，任何试图在物理宇宙中追求无限增长的文明，最终都会触及一个不可避免的“熵之墙”。为了逃避这种命运，他们选择了自我放逐，将自己的历史记录固化在一个“时间泡”中，确保自己的文明形态永不改变，代价是他们必须切断与外部宇宙的任何动态联系。 第四章：最终的讯息：沉寂的理由 在方舟的最深处，一个巨大的、散发着柔和蓝光的球体静静悬浮着。这是信息传递的终点。艾莉亚和小队的所有成员，都通过神经接口接入了最后的“遗言”。 那不是一段文字，而是一种纯粹的“体验流”。小队成员在瞬间经历了先驱者文明的“终极选择”： 他们看到了文明演进的必然结局——无论科技如何发展，总有无法被解决的内在矛盾（如认知局限性、感知偏差），这些矛盾最终会引发无法逆转的崩溃。先驱者文明在计算了数亿种可能后，得出了一个冰冷的结论：“存在本身即是混乱的源头。” 为了避免其辉煌的知识和文化在最终的混乱中被彻底抹去，他们选择了“冻结”。他们将自己文明存在的“最佳状态”以量子信息的形式保存在方舟内，然后将整个设施推入一种近乎绝对零度的时空陷阱中，切断了与我们这个正在“挣扎”的宇宙的联系。 最后的讯息，指向了人类：“你们的熵仍在增长，你们的探索仍在继续。我们的答案，是静止。你们的道路，是燃烧。请勿模仿我们的静止，因为你们尚未体验完你们的火焰。” 尾声：返航与抉择 探针小队带着关于宇宙终极困境的沉重答案返航。他们没有带回先进的武器技术或能源公式，而是带回了一种深刻的哲学拷问：人类文明的持续进步，是否只是在推迟一场不可避免的、更宏大的熵增崩溃？ 艾莉亚面对着地球联合政府提出的“技术吸收计划”，陷入了沉默。方舟的秘密意味着，真正的宇宙进步可能不是向外扩张，而是向内审视，甚至……是选择在最辉煌的时刻按下暂停键。 《星际拓荒者：失落文明的密码》是对存在主义和宇宙物理学边界的一次深入探索，它揭示了所有文明可能共享的一个悲剧性悖论，并引发我们对“进步”定义的重新思考。
作者简介
目录信息
BriefContents
PARTONETH EWO RLDO FFINAN NCE
Chapter1： Financeandth eFirm
Chapter2：FinancialMarketsandlnterestRates
Chapter3：Financiallnstitutions
PART TWO：ESSENTIALCONCEPTSINFINANCE
Chapter4：RevievvofAccounting
Chapter5： Analys isof Financial St at em ent s
Chapter6：FOrecastingforFinancialPlanning
Chapt8r7：RiskandReturn
Chapt er 8： TheTi meVa lueof M oney
Chapter9：BondandStockValuation
PART THREE：LONG－TERMFINANCIALMANAGEMENTKECISIONS
Chapter10：CapitalBudgetingDeCisionM ethods
Chapter11 ：Es tim at in gIn cre m ent al Ca sh flow s
Chapter12：TheCostofCapital
Chapter13：CapitalStructureBasics
Chapter14：CorporateBonds， PreferredStock，
andLeasing
Chapter15：Com m onStock
Chapter16：DiVidendPolicy
PART FOUR：SHOR－TERMFINANCIALMANAGANAGEMENTDECISIONS
Chapter17：W orkingCapitalPolicy
Chapter18：ManagingCash
Chapter19：Accounts ReceiVableandInventory
Chapter20：Short－Term Financing
PART FIVE：FINANCEINTHEGLOBALECONOMY
Chapter21：InternationalFinance
xvn
xxvii
Preface
About the Authors
PART ONE
THE WORLD OF FINANCE
Chapter 1: Finance
and the Firm
The Field of Finance
Finance Career Paths
Financial Management
The Role of the Financial Manager
TheBasicFinancialGoaloftheFirm
In Search ofValue
Finance at Work: Melanie Rosen.
Electronic Media, The New York
Times
Legal and Ethical Challenges
in Financial Management
Agency Issues
The Interests of Other Groups
The Interests of Society as a Whole
Forms of Business Organization
The Proprietorship
The Partnership
The Corporation
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Queslions
Build Your Communication Skills
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 2: Finandal Markets
and Interest Rates
The Financial System
Securities
Financial Intermediaries
Financial Markets
The Primary Market
The Secondary Market
The Monev Market
The Capital Market
Security Exchanges
The Over-the-Counter (OTC) Market
Market Efficiency
Securities in the Financial
Marketplace
Securities in the Money Market
Ethical Connections: The Dog Ate My
Investment
Securities in the Capital Market
Financial Management and You: How to
BuyTreasury Securities without Using a
Broker
Interest
Determinants of Interest Rates
The Yield Curve
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 3: Finandal
Institutions
Financial Intermediation
Denomination Matching
Absorbing Credit Risk
Commercial Banks
Bank Regulation
Commercial Bank Operations
Ethical Connections: How Ethical Is Your
Financial Institution?
The Federal Reserve System
Organization of the Fed
Controlling the Money Supply
The Discount Window
Savings and Loan Associations
Legislation Affecting S&Ls
Regulation ofS&Ls
Mutual Companies versus Stockholder
Owned Companies
The Problem ot Matching Loan
and Deposit Maturities
S&Ls' Real Assets ,
Credit Unions
The Common Bond Requirement
Members as Shareholders
Credit Unions Compared to Banks
Credit Union Regulation
Finance Companies, Insurance
Companies, and Pension Funds
Types of Finance Companies
Insurance Companies
Financial Management and You: The
Social Security System
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Answers to Self-Test
PART TWO
ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS
IN FINANCE
Chapter 4: Review
of Accounting
Review ofAccounting
Fundamentals
Basic Accounting Financial
Statements
The Income Statement
Ethical Cunnections: Box Office Hits-
Who Profits?
The Balance Sheet
The Statement of Cash Flows
Depreciation
Calculating the Amount of
Depreciation Expense
Income Taxes
Financial Management and You: Your
Personal Tax Rates
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 5: Analysis
of Financial Statements
Assessing Financial Health
Misleading Numbers
Financial Ratios
The Basic Financial Ratios
Calculating the Ratios
Finance at Work: Lee Anne Schuster,
Kitchell Contractors, Marketing
Trend Analysis and Industry
Comparisons
Trend Analysis
Industry Comparisons
Summary Analysis: Trend
and Industry Comparisons
Together
Locating Information about
Financial Ratios
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 6: Forecasting
for Financial Planning
Why Forecasting Is Important
Forecasting Approaches
Why Forecasts Are Sometimes Wrong
Forecasting Sales
Forecasting Financial Statements
Budgets
Producing Pro Forma Financial
Statements
Finance at Work: Keith Ender, Customer
Service Representative, James River Paper
Company
Analyzing Forecasts for Financial
Planning
What's Next
Summarv
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers lo Self- Tesl
Chapter 7: Risk
and Return
Risk
Risk Aversion
The Risk-Return Relationship
Measuring Risk
Using Standard Deviation to Measure
Risk
Using the Coefficient ofVariation
to Measure Risk
The Types of Risks Firms
Encounter
Business Risk
Financial Risk
Portfolio Risk
Dealing With Risk
Risk-Reduction Methods
Compensating for the Presence
of Risk
Financial Management and You: Mutual
Funds and Risk
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 8: The Time Value
of Money
Why Money Has Time Value
Measuring the Time Value
of Money
The Future Value of a Single Amount
The Sensitivity of Future Values to
Changes in Interest Rates or the
Number of Compounding Periods
The Present Value of a Single
Amount
The Sensitivity of Present Values
to Changes in k and n
Working with Annuities
Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity
The Present Value of an Ordinary
Annuity
Ethical Connections: When a Million Isn't
a Million. Taking a Chance on the Time
Value of Money
Future and Present Values cf
Annuities Due
Perpetuities
Present Value of an Investment
with Uneven Cash Flows
Special Time Value of Money
Problems
Finding the Interest Rate
Finding the Number of Periods
Solving for the Payment
Compounding More than Once
per Year
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 9: Bond and Stock
Valuation
The Importance of Bond and
Stock Valuation
A General Valuation Model
Bond Valuation
Semi-Annual Coupon Interest Payments
The Yield to Maturity of a Bond
The Relationship Between Bond
YTM and Price
Preferred Stock Valuation
Finding the Present Value of Preferred Stock
Dividends
The Yield on Preferred Stock
Common Stock Valuation
Common Stock Going Concern Valuation
Models
Balance Sheet Valuation Approaches
Deciding Which Stock Valuation
Approach to Use
The Yield on Common Stock
What's Next
Snmmary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix 9A: Common Stock Valuation:
Supernormal Growth
PART THREE
LONG-TERM
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
DECISIONS
Chapter 10: Capital
Budgeting Decision
Methods
The Capital Budgeting Process
Decision Practices
Types of Projects
Capital Budgeting Cash Flows
Stages in the Capital Budgeting Process
Capital Budgeting Decision
Methods
The Payback Method
The Net Present Value (NPV) Method
The Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Methbd
Problems with the IRR Method
Conflicting Rankings between the
NPV and IRR Methods
Capital Rationing
Finance at Work: Jim Bruner. Former
Maricopa County Supervisor, State of
Arizona
Risk and Capital Budgeting
Measuring Risk in Capital Budgeting
Adjusting for Risk
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix IOA: Wrinkles in Capital
Budgeting
Non-Simple Projects
Multiple IRRs
Mutually Exclusive Projects
with Unequal Project Lives
Comparing Projects with Unequal
Lives
Equations Introduced in This Appendlx
Chapter 11: Estimating
Incremental Cash Flows
Incremental Cash Flows
Types of Incremental Cash
Flows
Initial Investment Cash Flows
Operating Cash Flows
Cash Flows at the End of a Project's
Life
Incremental Cash Flows of an
Expansion Project
Financial Management and You: The
Incremental Costs of Studying Abroad
An Asset Replacement Decision
Financing Cash Flows
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 12: The Cost
of Capital
The Cost of Capital
Sources of Capital
The Cost of Debt
The Cost of Preferred and Common
Stock Funds
The Weighted Average Cost of
Capital (WACC)
The Marginal Cost of Capital
(MCC)
Finance at Work: Interview with
Fred Higgins: Minit Mart Foods. Inc
CEO
The Firm's MCC Schedule
The IVICC Schedule and Capital
Budgeting Decisions
The Optimal Capital Budget .306
The Importance of MCC to Capital
Budgeting Decisions
What's Next
Summarv
Eqiuations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Qnestions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Tes!
Chapter 13: Capital
Structure Basics
Breakeven Analysis and
Leverage
Constructing a Sales Breakeven
Chart
Applying Breakeven Analysis
Leverage
Operating Leverage
Financial Leverage
Combined Leverage
LBOs
Ethical Connections: Et Tu, Wilson?
Capital Structure Theory
Tax Deductibilitv of Interest
Modigliani and Miller
Toward an Optimal Capital Structure
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Qnestions
Build Yuur Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 14: Corporate
Bonds, Preferred Stock,
and Leasing
Bond Basics
Features of Bond Indentures
Security
Plans for Paying off the Bond Issue
Call Provisions
Restrictive Covenants
The Independent Trustee of the Bond
Issue
Types of Bonds
Secured Bonds
Unsecured Bonds (Debentures)
Convertible Bonds
Variable Rate Bonds
Putable Bonds
Junk Bonds
International Bonds
Ethical Connections: Repealing a Subsidy
Generates Trash Talk
Super Long-Term Bonds
Preferred Stock
Preferred Stock Dividends
Preferred Stock Investors
Leasing
Genuine Leases versus Fakes
Operating and Financial (Capital) Leases
Lease or Buy?
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix 14A: Bond Refunding
A Sample Bond Refunding
Problem
Chapter 15: Common
Stock
The Characteristics of Common
Stock
Stock Issued by Private Corporations
Stock Issued by Publicly Traded
Corporations
Finance at Work: Chris Heller. Corporate
Communications Consultant
Institutional Ownership of Common
Stock
Voting Rights of Common
Stockholders
Proxies
Board of Directors Elections
The Pros and Cons of Equity
Financing
Disadvantages of Equity Financing
Advantages of Equity Financing
Issuing Common Stock
The Function of Investment Bankers
Pricing New Issues of Stock
Rights and Warrants
Preemptive Rights
Warrants
What's Next
Summarv
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Tesl
Review Queslions
Build Your Communication Skills
Probltms
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 16: Dividend
Policy
Dividends
Why a Dividend Policy Is
Necessary
Factors Affecting Dividend
Policy
Need For Funds
Management Expectations and
Dividend Policy
Stockholders' Preferences
Restrictions on Dividend Payments
Cash versus Earnings
Leading Dividend Theories
The Residual Theory of Dividends
The Clientele Dividend Theory
The Signaling Dividend Theory
The Bird-in-the-HandTheory
Modigliani and Miller's Dividend Theory
The Mechanics of Paying
Dividends
Financal IVIanagement and You:
Dividend Reinvestment Records Can
Avoid Tax Headaches
Dividend Reinvestment Plans
Alternatives to Cash Dividends 400
Stock Dividends and Stock Splits
What's Next
Summary
Equalions Introduced in This Chapler
Self-Test
Review Questions
Bnild Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
PART FOUR
SHORT-TERM
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
DECISIONS
Chapter 17: Working
Capital Policy
Managing Working Capital
Why Businesses Accumulate
Working Capital
Fluctuating Current Assets
Permanent and Temporary Current
Assets
Liquidity versus Profitability
Establishing the Optimal Level
of Current Assets
Managing Current Liabilities:
Risk and Return
Three Working Capital Financing
Approaches
The Aggressive Approach
The Conservative Approach
The Moderate Approach
Working Capital Financing and
Financial Ratios
What's Next
Finance at Work: Interview with Michael
Coleman.Vice President ofTek Soft 420
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 18: Managing
Cash
Cash Management Concepts
Determining the Optimal Cash
Balance
The Minimum Cash Balance
The Maximum Cash Balance
Determining the Optimal Cash
Balance
Finance at Work: Karen Noble,
Professional Golfer
Forecasting Cash Needs
Developing a Cash Budget
Managing the Cash Flowing in
and out of the Firm
Increasing Cash Inflows
Decreasing Cash Outflows
Speeding Up Cash Inflows
Slowing Dbwn Cash Outflows
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Tesl
Chapter 19: Accounts
Receivable and
Inventory
Why Firms Accumulate Accounts
Receivable and Inventory
How Accounts Receivable and
Inventory Affect Profitability
and Liquidity
Finding Optimal Levels of
Accounts Receivable and
Inventory
The Optimal Level ofAccounts
Receivable
The Optimal Level of Inventory
Inventory Management
Approaches
The ABC Inventory Classification
System
Just-in-Time Inventory Control (JIT)
Making Credit Decisions
Collection Policies to Handle
Bad Debts
Finance at Work: Joann K. Jones, CEO of
Capital Electric Supply
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 20: Short-Term
Financing
The Need for Short-Term
Financing
Short-Term Financing versus
Long-Term Financing
Short-Term Financing
Alternatives
Short-Term Loans from Banks
and Other Institutions
Trade Credit
Commercial Paper
How Loan Terms Affect
the Effective Interest Rate
of a Loan
The Effective Interest Rate
Discount Loans
Compensating Balances
Loan Maturities Shorter than One
Year
A Comprehensive Example
Computing the Amount to Borrow
Collateral for Short-Term Loans
Accounts Receivable as Collateral
Inventory as Collateral
Financial Management and You: Easy
Come. Easy Go:The Cost of Credit
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
PART FIVE
FINANCE IN THE GLOBAL
ECONOMY
Chapter21: International
Finance
Multinational Corporations
Financial Advantages of Foreign
Operations
Ethical Issues Facing Multinational
Corporations
Comparative Advantage
Exchange Rates and Their
Effects
Fluctuating Exchange Rates
Cross Rates
Exchange Rate Effects on MNCS
Exchange Rate Et'fects on Foreign
Stock and Bond Investments
Managing Risk
Hedging
Diversification Benefits of Foreign
Investments
American Depositorv Receipts
Finance At Work: Interview with Don
Burton, International [mport-Export
Institute
Exchange Rate Theories
Purchasing Power Parity Theory
International Fisher Effect
Interest Rate ParityTheory
Other Factors Affecting Exchange
Rates
Government Intervention in Foreign
Exchange Markets
Political and Cultural Risks
Facing MNCs
Political Risk
Cultural Risk
International Trade Agreements
NAFTA
GATT
European Union
Free Trade versus Fair Trade
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Glossary
Index
· · · · · · (收起)
PARTONETH EWO RLDO FFINAN NCE
Chapter1： Financeandth eFirm
Chapter2：FinancialMarketsandlnterestRates
Chapter3：Financiallnstitutions
PART TWO：ESSENTIALCONCEPTSINFINANCE
Chapter4：RevievvofAccounting
Chapter5： Analys isof Financial St at em ent s
Chapter6：FOrecastingforFinancialPlanning
Chapt8r7：RiskandReturn
Chapt er 8： TheTi meVa lueof M oney
Chapter9：BondandStockValuation
PART THREE：LONG－TERMFINANCIALMANAGEMENTKECISIONS
Chapter10：CapitalBudgetingDeCisionM ethods
Chapter11 ：Es tim at in gIn cre m ent al Ca sh flow s
Chapter12：TheCostofCapital
Chapter13：CapitalStructureBasics
Chapter14：CorporateBonds， PreferredStock，
andLeasing
Chapter15：Com m onStock
Chapter16：DiVidendPolicy
PART FOUR：SHOR－TERMFINANCIALMANAGANAGEMENTDECISIONS
Chapter17：W orkingCapitalPolicy
Chapter18：ManagingCash
Chapter19：Accounts ReceiVableandInventory
Chapter20：Short－Term Financing
PART FIVE：FINANCEINTHEGLOBALECONOMY
Chapter21：InternationalFinance
xvn
xxvii
Preface
About the Authors
PART ONE
THE WORLD OF FINANCE
Chapter 1: Finance
and the Firm
The Field of Finance
Finance Career Paths
Financial Management
The Role of the Financial Manager
TheBasicFinancialGoaloftheFirm
In Search ofValue
Finance at Work: Melanie Rosen.
Electronic Media, The New York
Times
Legal and Ethical Challenges
in Financial Management
Agency Issues
The Interests of Other Groups
The Interests of Society as a Whole
Forms of Business Organization
The Proprietorship
The Partnership
The Corporation
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Queslions
Build Your Communication Skills
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 2: Finandal Markets
and Interest Rates
The Financial System
Securities
Financial Intermediaries
Financial Markets
The Primary Market
The Secondary Market
The Monev Market
The Capital Market
Security Exchanges
The Over-the-Counter (OTC) Market
Market Efficiency
Securities in the Financial
Marketplace
Securities in the Money Market
Ethical Connections: The Dog Ate My
Investment
Securities in the Capital Market
Financial Management and You: How to
BuyTreasury Securities without Using a
Broker
Interest
Determinants of Interest Rates
The Yield Curve
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 3: Finandal
Institutions
Financial Intermediation
Denomination Matching
Absorbing Credit Risk
Commercial Banks
Bank Regulation
Commercial Bank Operations
Ethical Connections: How Ethical Is Your
Financial Institution?
The Federal Reserve System
Organization of the Fed
Controlling the Money Supply
The Discount Window
Savings and Loan Associations
Legislation Affecting S&Ls
Regulation ofS&Ls
Mutual Companies versus Stockholder
Owned Companies
The Problem ot Matching Loan
and Deposit Maturities
S&Ls' Real Assets ,
Credit Unions
The Common Bond Requirement
Members as Shareholders
Credit Unions Compared to Banks
Credit Union Regulation
Finance Companies, Insurance
Companies, and Pension Funds
Types of Finance Companies
Insurance Companies
Financial Management and You: The
Social Security System
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Answers to Self-Test
PART TWO
ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS
IN FINANCE
Chapter 4: Review
of Accounting
Review ofAccounting
Fundamentals
Basic Accounting Financial
Statements
The Income Statement
Ethical Cunnections: Box Office Hits-
Who Profits?
The Balance Sheet
The Statement of Cash Flows
Depreciation
Calculating the Amount of
Depreciation Expense
Income Taxes
Financial Management and You: Your
Personal Tax Rates
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 5: Analysis
of Financial Statements
Assessing Financial Health
Misleading Numbers
Financial Ratios
The Basic Financial Ratios
Calculating the Ratios
Finance at Work: Lee Anne Schuster,
Kitchell Contractors, Marketing
Trend Analysis and Industry
Comparisons
Trend Analysis
Industry Comparisons
Summary Analysis: Trend
and Industry Comparisons
Together
Locating Information about
Financial Ratios
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 6: Forecasting
for Financial Planning
Why Forecasting Is Important
Forecasting Approaches
Why Forecasts Are Sometimes Wrong
Forecasting Sales
Forecasting Financial Statements
Budgets
Producing Pro Forma Financial
Statements
Finance at Work: Keith Ender, Customer
Service Representative, James River Paper
Company
Analyzing Forecasts for Financial
Planning
What's Next
Summarv
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers lo Self- Tesl
Chapter 7: Risk
and Return
Risk
Risk Aversion
The Risk-Return Relationship
Measuring Risk
Using Standard Deviation to Measure
Risk
Using the Coefficient ofVariation
to Measure Risk
The Types of Risks Firms
Encounter
Business Risk
Financial Risk
Portfolio Risk
Dealing With Risk
Risk-Reduction Methods
Compensating for the Presence
of Risk
Financial Management and You: Mutual
Funds and Risk
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 8: The Time Value
of Money
Why Money Has Time Value
Measuring the Time Value
of Money
The Future Value of a Single Amount
The Sensitivity of Future Values to
Changes in Interest Rates or the
Number of Compounding Periods
The Present Value of a Single
Amount
The Sensitivity of Present Values
to Changes in k and n
Working with Annuities
Future Value of an Ordinary Annuity
The Present Value of an Ordinary
Annuity
Ethical Connections: When a Million Isn't
a Million. Taking a Chance on the Time
Value of Money
Future and Present Values cf
Annuities Due
Perpetuities
Present Value of an Investment
with Uneven Cash Flows
Special Time Value of Money
Problems
Finding the Interest Rate
Finding the Number of Periods
Solving for the Payment
Compounding More than Once
per Year
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 9: Bond and Stock
Valuation
The Importance of Bond and
Stock Valuation
A General Valuation Model
Bond Valuation
Semi-Annual Coupon Interest Payments
The Yield to Maturity of a Bond
The Relationship Between Bond
YTM and Price
Preferred Stock Valuation
Finding the Present Value of Preferred Stock
Dividends
The Yield on Preferred Stock
Common Stock Valuation
Common Stock Going Concern Valuation
Models
Balance Sheet Valuation Approaches
Deciding Which Stock Valuation
Approach to Use
The Yield on Common Stock
What's Next
Snmmary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix 9A: Common Stock Valuation:
Supernormal Growth
PART THREE
LONG-TERM
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
DECISIONS
Chapter 10: Capital
Budgeting Decision
Methods
The Capital Budgeting Process
Decision Practices
Types of Projects
Capital Budgeting Cash Flows
Stages in the Capital Budgeting Process
Capital Budgeting Decision
Methods
The Payback Method
The Net Present Value (NPV) Method
The Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Methbd
Problems with the IRR Method
Conflicting Rankings between the
NPV and IRR Methods
Capital Rationing
Finance at Work: Jim Bruner. Former
Maricopa County Supervisor, State of
Arizona
Risk and Capital Budgeting
Measuring Risk in Capital Budgeting
Adjusting for Risk
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix IOA: Wrinkles in Capital
Budgeting
Non-Simple Projects
Multiple IRRs
Mutually Exclusive Projects
with Unequal Project Lives
Comparing Projects with Unequal
Lives
Equations Introduced in This Appendlx
Chapter 11: Estimating
Incremental Cash Flows
Incremental Cash Flows
Types of Incremental Cash
Flows
Initial Investment Cash Flows
Operating Cash Flows
Cash Flows at the End of a Project's
Life
Incremental Cash Flows of an
Expansion Project
Financial Management and You: The
Incremental Costs of Studying Abroad
An Asset Replacement Decision
Financing Cash Flows
What's Next
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 12: The Cost
of Capital
The Cost of Capital
Sources of Capital
The Cost of Debt
The Cost of Preferred and Common
Stock Funds
The Weighted Average Cost of
Capital (WACC)
The Marginal Cost of Capital
(MCC)
Finance at Work: Interview with
Fred Higgins: Minit Mart Foods. Inc
CEO
The Firm's MCC Schedule
The IVICC Schedule and Capital
Budgeting Decisions
The Optimal Capital Budget .306
The Importance of MCC to Capital
Budgeting Decisions
What's Next
Summarv
Eqiuations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Qnestions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Tes!
Chapter 13: Capital
Structure Basics
Breakeven Analysis and
Leverage
Constructing a Sales Breakeven
Chart
Applying Breakeven Analysis
Leverage
Operating Leverage
Financial Leverage
Combined Leverage
LBOs
Ethical Connections: Et Tu, Wilson?
Capital Structure Theory
Tax Deductibilitv of Interest
Modigliani and Miller
Toward an Optimal Capital Structure
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Qnestions
Build Yuur Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 14: Corporate
Bonds, Preferred Stock,
and Leasing
Bond Basics
Features of Bond Indentures
Security
Plans for Paying off the Bond Issue
Call Provisions
Restrictive Covenants
The Independent Trustee of the Bond
Issue
Types of Bonds
Secured Bonds
Unsecured Bonds (Debentures)
Convertible Bonds
Variable Rate Bonds
Putable Bonds
Junk Bonds
International Bonds
Ethical Connections: Repealing a Subsidy
Generates Trash Talk
Super Long-Term Bonds
Preferred Stock
Preferred Stock Dividends
Preferred Stock Investors
Leasing
Genuine Leases versus Fakes
Operating and Financial (Capital) Leases
Lease or Buy?
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Appendix 14A: Bond Refunding
A Sample Bond Refunding
Problem
Chapter 15: Common
Stock
The Characteristics of Common
Stock
Stock Issued by Private Corporations
Stock Issued by Publicly Traded
Corporations
Finance at Work: Chris Heller. Corporate
Communications Consultant
Institutional Ownership of Common
Stock
Voting Rights of Common
Stockholders
Proxies
Board of Directors Elections
The Pros and Cons of Equity
Financing
Disadvantages of Equity Financing
Advantages of Equity Financing
Issuing Common Stock
The Function of Investment Bankers
Pricing New Issues of Stock
Rights and Warrants
Preemptive Rights
Warrants
What's Next
Summarv
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Tesl
Review Queslions
Build Your Communication Skills
Probltms
Answers to Self- Test
Chapter 16: Dividend
Policy
Dividends
Why a Dividend Policy Is
Necessary
Factors Affecting Dividend
Policy
Need For Funds
Management Expectations and
Dividend Policy
Stockholders' Preferences
Restrictions on Dividend Payments
Cash versus Earnings
Leading Dividend Theories
The Residual Theory of Dividends
The Clientele Dividend Theory
The Signaling Dividend Theory
The Bird-in-the-HandTheory
Modigliani and Miller's Dividend Theory
The Mechanics of Paying
Dividends
Financal IVIanagement and You:
Dividend Reinvestment Records Can
Avoid Tax Headaches
Dividend Reinvestment Plans
Alternatives to Cash Dividends 400
Stock Dividends and Stock Splits
What's Next
Summary
Equalions Introduced in This Chapler
Self-Test
Review Questions
Bnild Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
PART FOUR
SHORT-TERM
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
DECISIONS
Chapter 17: Working
Capital Policy
Managing Working Capital
Why Businesses Accumulate
Working Capital
Fluctuating Current Assets
Permanent and Temporary Current
Assets
Liquidity versus Profitability
Establishing the Optimal Level
of Current Assets
Managing Current Liabilities:
Risk and Return
Three Working Capital Financing
Approaches
The Aggressive Approach
The Conservative Approach
The Moderate Approach
Working Capital Financing and
Financial Ratios
What's Next
Finance at Work: Interview with Michael
Coleman.Vice President ofTek Soft 420
Summary
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 18: Managing
Cash
Cash Management Concepts
Determining the Optimal Cash
Balance
The Minimum Cash Balance
The Maximum Cash Balance
Determining the Optimal Cash
Balance
Finance at Work: Karen Noble,
Professional Golfer
Forecasting Cash Needs
Developing a Cash Budget
Managing the Cash Flowing in
and out of the Firm
Increasing Cash Inflows
Decreasing Cash Outflows
Speeding Up Cash Inflows
Slowing Dbwn Cash Outflows
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Tesl
Chapter 19: Accounts
Receivable and
Inventory
Why Firms Accumulate Accounts
Receivable and Inventory
How Accounts Receivable and
Inventory Affect Profitability
and Liquidity
Finding Optimal Levels of
Accounts Receivable and
Inventory
The Optimal Level ofAccounts
Receivable
The Optimal Level of Inventory
Inventory Management
Approaches
The ABC Inventory Classification
System
Just-in-Time Inventory Control (JIT)
Making Credit Decisions
Collection Policies to Handle
Bad Debts
Finance at Work: Joann K. Jones, CEO of
Capital Electric Supply
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Chapter 20: Short-Term
Financing
The Need for Short-Term
Financing
Short-Term Financing versus
Long-Term Financing
Short-Term Financing
Alternatives
Short-Term Loans from Banks
and Other Institutions
Trade Credit
Commercial Paper
How Loan Terms Affect
the Effective Interest Rate
of a Loan
The Effective Interest Rate
Discount Loans
Compensating Balances
Loan Maturities Shorter than One
Year
A Comprehensive Example
Computing the Amount to Borrow
Collateral for Short-Term Loans
Accounts Receivable as Collateral
Inventory as Collateral
Financial Management and You: Easy
Come. Easy Go:The Cost of Credit
What's Next
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
PART FIVE
FINANCE IN THE GLOBAL
ECONOMY
Chapter21: International
Finance
Multinational Corporations
Financial Advantages of Foreign
Operations
Ethical Issues Facing Multinational
Corporations
Comparative Advantage
Exchange Rates and Their
Effects
Fluctuating Exchange Rates
Cross Rates
Exchange Rate Effects on MNCS
Exchange Rate Et'fects on Foreign
Stock and Bond Investments
Managing Risk
Hedging
Diversification Benefits of Foreign
Investments
American Depositorv Receipts
Finance At Work: Interview with Don
Burton, International [mport-Export
Institute
Exchange Rate Theories
Purchasing Power Parity Theory
International Fisher Effect
Interest Rate ParityTheory
Other Factors Affecting Exchange
Rates
Government Intervention in Foreign
Exchange Markets
Political and Cultural Risks
Facing MNCs
Political Risk
Cultural Risk
International Trade Agreements
NAFTA
GATT
European Union
Free Trade versus Fair Trade
Summary
Equations Introduced in This Chapter
Self-Test
Review Questions
Build Your Communication Skills
Problems
Answers to Self-Test
Glossary
Index
· · · · · · (收起)
读后感
用户评价
说实话，这本书在方法论上的细致程度已经超出了我的预期。我原本以为它会停留在宏观的管理哲学层面，但实际上，它深入到了操作层面的每一个微小环节。例如，书中关于“会议效率”的章节，列举了十几种可以立即淘汰的无效会议类型，并且给出了取代它们的具体流程，例如“异步决策记录”的模板。这种对细节的极致追求，让人不得不佩服作者的严谨。它不仅仅是告诉你“要提高效率”，而是告诉你“如何精确到分钟级别地提高效率”。文字风格偏向于技术手册与商业案例分析的结合体，逻辑链条异常严密，很少出现跳跃性的思维。每当提出一个概念，后面必然紧跟着大量的量化数据或对比图表来支撑。对于那些追求完美、注重实效的读者来说，这本书无异于一座金矿，因为它提供的不是建议，而是经过反复验证的、可量化的操作指南。读完它，你会发现，所谓“管理”，归根结底，就是对无数个微小失误的累积性修正。
这本书简直是本让人醍醐灌顶的宝典！我一直以为我对“管理”这个概念有着相当程度的理解，毕竟在职场摸爬滚打这么多年，各种战略规划、团队协作的“高大上”理论也没少听。然而，真正翻开这本讲述如何在日常运营中实现效率最大化的著作时，我才惊觉自己过去那些理解的粗浅。它没有那些空泛的、只能挂在墙上的口号，而是像一位经验丰富的老行家，手把手地教你如何把控每一个流程的细节。比如，书中对于供应链环节的优化分析，我印象最深的是它阐述的“最小化信息延迟”的重要性。我以前总觉得只要我们部门内部信息传递顺畅就够了，但作者通过一系列翔实的案例证明，任何一个环节的延迟，哪怕是毫秒级的，都会在最终的交付环节被放大成巨大的成本。阅读过程中，我甚至不得不停下来，对照着我们公司的现有操作流程，一遍遍地在脑海中模拟，试图找出那些我们习以为常却效率低下的“黑洞”。这本书的文字风格是极其务实和精炼的，每一句话都像是经过反复打磨的工业级零件，没有一丝多余的润饰，直击问题的核心。它更像是一本工具书，而非理论教材，读完后立刻就能上手操作，对提升团队的整体执行力有立竿见影的效果。
拿到这本厚厚的册子时，我本以为会面对一堆枯燥的数字和晦涩难懂的模型，毕竟“管理”这个词听起来就带着一股严肃的、令人望而生畏的气息。然而，这本书的叙事方式却出乎我的意料——它用了一种近乎文学化的笔触，将那些原本冰冷的运营逻辑，编织成一个个引人入胜的故事。作者似乎深谙人类的认知规律，总能找到一个极具画面感的切入点，去解释一个复杂的组织变革。我尤其欣赏它对“非正式组织权力结构”的剖析。我们通常只关注汇报线和部门架构，但这本书却揭示了在咖啡机旁、在午餐桌上那些无形的网络是如何真正驱动或阻碍决策的。它不仅仅是告诉我“应该如何做”，更是在深层次上剖析了“为什么人们会那样做”。这种对人性的洞察力，让原本高高在上的管理理论变得无比“接地气”，充满温度。阅读体验非常流畅，那种感觉就像是跟着一位极富智慧的长者，在一家历史悠久的工厂里进行了一次深入的“田野调查”，每翻过一页，都能感受到历史的沉淀和智慧的碰撞。
我很少对一本探讨组织架构的书籍产生如此强烈的“情感共鸣”，但这本书做到了。它没有将员工仅仅视为“资源”或“成本中心”，而是将其置于组织设计的核心。书中有一章节专门讨论了如何通过优化“赋权机制”来激发基层员工的创新潜能，这与我过去阅读的许多强调自上而下控制的书籍形成了鲜明的对比。作者非常推崇“去中心化决策”的理念，并通过大量的案例展示了当信息和决策权被下放到最接近问题的一线时，组织效率能产生几何级的提升。这种对“人”的深度信任和尊重，不仅提升了效率，更重要的是极大地改善了工作氛围。阅读时，我仿佛能听到那些被压抑已久的优秀员工发出的欢呼声。它的表达方式充满了鼓动性和说服力，语句结构上大量运用了对比和排比，使得那些关于“组织进化”的论述听起来慷慨激昂，让人热血沸腾，迫不及待地想要回去实践一番。
这本书给我的冲击，主要来自于它对“不确定性”的处理哲学。在如今这个瞬息万变的商业环境中，谁都不敢保证明天会发生什么，过去那种线性规划的方法论早已不再适用。这本书摒弃了对绝对控制的痴迷，转而推崇一种“弹性适应”的管理范式。它详细描述了如何构建一个能够快速自我修复、甚至在遭受冲击后能实现“反脆弱”的组织。其中关于风险预警系统的构建部分，简直是教科书级别的指导。作者没有给出统一的“标准答案”，而是提供了一套可供不同行业、不同规模企业灵活借鉴的框架。我发现，它特别强调“情景规划”的重要性，要求管理者必须时刻准备着“Plan B”、“Plan C”，乃至“Plan Z”。这种前瞻性的、甚至有些悲观主义的视角，反而让人感到踏实，因为它直面了现实的残酷性。文字风格非常锐利，观点鲜明，几乎没有模棱两可的地方。读完之后，我感觉自己对未来不再是盲目乐观，而是有了一套成熟的工具箱，去迎接每一个未知的挑战。
