具体描述
唐代宣武軍節度使轄汴、宋、毫、穎四州,此四州居河、淮之間,地勢低平,水道縱橫,自古即為關中通東南地區的交通要道。隋煬帝開通濟渠,目的不僅為遊幸,至唐,通濟渠更成為轉輸東南財賦至西北的大動脈,汴、宋、毫三州為運河所經,唐長安政府對東南財賦的倚賴程度愈大,此區地位益形重要。
首都為首善之區,人文薈萃之地,隋唐政府以國防及政治因素,定都長安。關中地區地狹人稠,糧食常不能自給,至高宗、武后時,因對外用兵及官僚集團的膨脹,每遇飢荒,輒有就食東都之行。玄宗重視漕運,把關東的財賦區與關中的政治文化中心緊密的結合在一起,成就了大唐盛世。
安史之亂後,河北租賦不入王室,唐中央政府對東南地區糧食的需求轉殷,主控通濟渠運道的宣武軍節度使人選,甚受朝廷重視。河南、河北藩鎮叛亂時,本區為敵對雙方爭取的對象,吐蕃、南詔寇擾時,本區提供防秋、防冬之兵與糧。
黃巢之亂,竄擾中國幾半,兩京殘破,東南地區生產事業遭受重大打擊,唐政權漸步入衰亡。朱溫降唐,以宣武軍為基礎,經二十幾年的發展,陸續併吞鄰鎮,成為當時天下第一強藩,終於篡唐。朱溫定都汴州,從此中國政治中心東移,以全國經濟重心東移故也。
作者简介
曾賢熙,中國文化大學史學研究所博士,曾任大葉工學院共同科講師、副教授、大葉工學院教務處課務組主任,現任大葉大學造形藝術學系、通識教育中心合聘副教授。撰有《唐代前期(618-755)對安西四鎮的經營》(碩士論文,1983),《唐代汴州――宣武軍節度研究》(博士論文,1991),以及在期刊、研討會發表之論文30 餘篇。
目录信息
第二章 宣武軍節度使的地理與人文························· 7
第一節 地理形勢······················································ 7
第二節 氣候與物產················································ 17
第三節 水陸交通···················································· 21
第四節 人文特色···················································· 30
第三章 關中本位政策下的宣武軍節度使··············· 33
第一節 隋唐時代的長安與洛陽····························· 33
第二節 唐代前期的宣武軍節度使·························· 39
第四章 藩鎮割據時期(肅宗~憲宗)的宣武軍
節度使·························································· 61
第一節 安史之亂時期的汴宋毫潁四州·················· 61
一、安史之亂的背景········································· 61
二、雍丘、宋州攻防戰····································· 64
三、運糧道的調整············································· 70
第二節 藩鎮抗命時期的宣武軍節度使·················· 74
一、繼承之戰·················································· 102
二、築城危機·················································· 107
三、運道爭奪戰·············································· 112
第三節 元和中興與宣武軍節度使························ 116
第五章 唐末的變亂與宣武軍節度使····················· 123
第一節 河朔復亂對宣武軍節度使的影響············ 123
第二節 劉稹之亂與宣武軍節度使························ 127
第三節 龐勛之亂與宣武軍節度使························ 130
一、東南地區人民的負擔······························· 130
二、龐勛之亂·················································· 132
第四節 黃巢之亂與朱溫篡唐······························· 135
一、黃巢之亂·················································· 135
二、朱溫的崛起·············································· 140
三、朱全忠與鄰鎮的交兵······························· 143
四、朱全忠篡唐·············································· 145
第六章 結 論························································ 149
參考書目···································································· 151
附 圖
圖一:中國歷史上各個時期基本經濟區位置圖··············· 3
圖二:宣武軍節度使轄區圖··········································· 8
圖三:宣武軍節度使所轄州縣圖·································· 10
圖四:宣武軍節度使區與周邊地理形勢圖···················· 11
圖五:宣武軍節度使轄區地形東西向剖面示意圖·········· 12
圖六:宣武軍節度使轄區地形南北向剖面示意圖·········· 13
圖七:開封附近的黃河剖面圖····································· 13
圖八:黃河六大變遷圖················································ 15
圖九:唐代黃河下游之經行圖····································· 16
圖十:黃河陝縣水文站水位流量曲線圖························ 19
圖十一:隋通濟渠略圖················································ 25
圖十二:唐代東都以東交通路線示意圖························ 27
圖十三:汴州與相州、魏州交通路線圖························ 29
圖十四:唐代安史之亂圖············································ 65
圖十五:唐代秦嶺山脈東段諸谷道圖··························· 71
圖十六:唐代黃巢之亂圖·········································· 138
附 表
表一:中國治水活動的歷史發展與地理分布的統計表····· 5
表二:唐代宣武軍節度使轄區渠道陂塘分布表············· 17
表三:黃淮平原的氣溫和雨量····································· 18
表四:唐代黃河南北諸道賦貢表·································· 21
表五:宣武軍節度使轄州州治與兩都鄰州州治里程表··· 30
表六:宣武軍節度轄區及其鄰區之風俗表···················· 31
表七:前漢至唐長安地區(渭水流域)人口統計表······ 35
表八:前漢至唐洛陽地區(洛水黃河流域)人口統計
表···································································· 35
表九:開皇天寶間戶口變化表····································· 43
表十:大業五年戶口地理分布表·································· 44
表十一:大業五年戶口密度分布表······························· 44
表十二:大業貞觀戶口地理分布比率比較表················· 46
表十三:貞觀中戶口密度分布表·································· 46
表十四:貞觀十三年與天寶元年戶口增減表················· 47
表十五:天寶元年人口密度分布表······························· 48
表十六:大業貞觀天寶年間各道戶口增減百分比表······ 49
表十七:唐代前期(618~755)部分州府長官任期表··· 52
表十八:唐代汴州刺史表(618~755)························ 54
表十九:唐代宋州刺史表(618~755)························ 57
表二十:唐代毫州刺史表(618~755)························ 59
表二十一:唐代泗州刺史表(618~755) ···················· 60
表二十二:淮南節度使表············································ 77
表二十三:武寧軍節度使表········································· 80
表二十四:宣武軍節度使表········································· 83
表二十五:忠武軍節度使表········································· 87
表二十六:義成節度使表············································ 91
表二十七:河陽節度使表············································ 95
表二十八:陝虢都防禦觀察處置等使表························ 98
表二十九:代宗德宗時各節度使內亂表······················ 105
· · · · · · (收起)
读后感
用户评价
坦白说,我刚拿到手的时候,对这种专注于某一特定历史时期和地方行政机构的学术专著抱有一丝疑虑,担心它会过于冷僻和晦涩。然而,阅读过程中的惊喜不断。作者的叙事节奏把握得相当到位,他懂得如何在高密度的史料堆砌中,巧妙地穿插一些具有画面感的场景描绘,使得即便是对唐代藩镇历史不太了解的普通读者,也能轻松进入情境。我尤其欣赏作者在处理史料时的那种“去魅”能力,他没有一味地渲染某个历史人物的功过,而是冷静地分析了宣武军节度使这一职位在中央与地方权力博弈中的复杂定位。这种平衡的视角,让整部作品的学术价值和可读性达到了一个很好的统一,绝非一般学院派著作所能比拟的。
这本书的索引和注释部分做得极为详尽,这对于任何严肃的历史研究者来说都是至关重要的。我特意查阅了其中关于某一特定时间段内人事变动的梳理,发现其信息的准确性和详尽程度令人咋舌。这背后付出的心血可想而知,绝非短期内仓促完成的作品。从阅读体验上讲,这本书的开本和字体选择也十分人性化,长时间阅读下来眼睛的疲劳感相对较轻,这在厚重的历史专著中是相当难得的。总而言之,这是一部值得反复研读的力作,它在细节之处的精益求精,最终成就了整体的宏大与深刻。
这本书真是让人眼前一亮,从装帧设计到内容排版,都透露着一种沉稳厚重的历史感。虽然我还没来得及细细品读每一个章节,但光是翻阅那些引人入胜的引言和目录,就已经能感受到作者在学术上的严谨态度。书中的一些插图和地图制作得非常精美,对于理解当时的地理环境和军事部署起到了极大的辅助作用。特别是对于一些关键的历史事件的描述,作者似乎采用了多方考证的方法,力求还原一个尽可能接近史实的图景。阅读的初期体验非常棒,它不像某些历史著作那样枯燥乏味,而是充满了对历史细节的挖掘和对人物命运的关怀,让人忍不住想要立刻沉浸其中,去探索那个波澜壮阔的时代。这本书的出现,无疑为相关领域的研究者提供了一个新的、值得信赖的参考系。
这本书给我的整体感觉是“扎实”与“洞见”并存。它不像某些通史那样试图面面俱到,而是选择了特定焦点进行深挖,这种聚焦的策略让其论述更具穿透力。通过对宣武军节度使这个关键节点的剖析,作者实际上为理解整个唐末五代藩镇割据的复杂生态系统提供了一个极佳的微观切入口。我尤其欣赏书中对史料陌生化处理的手法,它将那些被淹没在浩瀚史册中的零散信息,重新组织、激活,构建起逻辑严密的论证链条。读完开篇几章,我感觉自己对那个时代官员的晋升路径、权力运作的潜规则有了更清晰、更立体的认知,远超出了我原先的想象。
这本书的学术深度绝对是毋庸置疑的,但我更想强调它的“文笔”和“匠心”。作者在构建整个研究框架时,展现出了一种大家风范。我留意到他在引述前人研究成果时,总是给予充分的尊重和审慎的辨析,这体现了真正的学术气度。更难得的是,作者似乎对汴州这个地域文化有着深厚的感情,他不仅仅关注于军事和政治的表层,还深入挖掘了地方经济、社会结构与节度使权力基础之间的微妙关联。那种娓娓道来的叙述,仿佛带着你走过开封那条条古老的街道,去感受历史的脉搏。它不是那种硬邦邦的教科书式论述,而是一部有血有肉的历史画卷。