The Conditions of Agricultural Growth pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

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Ester Boserup

Routledge

1993-5-1

124

GBP 26.99

Paperback

9781853831591

图书标签: 经济学农业经济学 demography 英文原版英文写作经济史农村研究农业

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发表于2024-12-29

The Conditions of Agricultural Growth epub 下载 mobi 下载 pdf 下载 txt 电子书下载 2024

The Conditions of Agricultural Growth pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

图书描述

When it first appeared in 1965, The Conditions of Agricultural Growth heralded a breakthrough in the theory of agricultural development. Whereas 'development' had previously been seen as the transformation of traditional communities by the introduction (or imposition) of new technologies, Ester Boserup argued that changes and improvements occur from within agricultural communities, and that improvements are governed not only by outside interference, but by those communities themselves. Using extensive analyses of the costs and productivity of the main systems of traditional agriculture, Ester Boserup concludes that technical, economic and social changes are unlikely to take place unless the community concerned is exposed to the pressure of population growth. In sharp contrast to widely accepted ideas, she shows how population growth may be the main stimulus to agrarian change. In developing this theme, the author identifies successive stages of agriculture, characterized by differences in techniques of cultivation and in social structure and show how they can be explained by differences in population density. This book is of relevance not only to economists, but also to historians interested in the way present changes in agrarian communities parallel those of the past.

The Conditions of Agricultural Growth 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书

著者简介

Ester Boserup (May 18, 1910 – September 24, 1999), born Ester Børgesen in Copenhagen, was a Danish economist. She studied economic and agricultural development, worked at the United Nations as well as other international organizations, and she wrote several books. Her most notable book is The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure.[1] This book presents a "dynamic analysis embracing all types of primitive agriculture." (Boserup, E. 1965. p 13) The work challenges the assumption dating back to Malthus’s time (and still held in many quarters) that agricultural methods determine population (via food supply). Instead, Boserup argued that population determines agricultural methods. A major point of her book is that "necessity is the mother of invention". It was her great belief that humanity would always find a way and was quoted in saying "The power of ingenuity would always outmatch that of demand" in a letter to Northern Irish philosopher T.S Hueston. She also influenced the debate on the role of women in workforce and human development, and the possibility of better opportunities of work and education for women.

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用户评价

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提出不同于马氏人口学的框架去理解人口增长和农业经济关系。认为其只看到人口增长构成食物压力，忽视其促使农业模式从刀耕火种向密集轮耕乃至无休耕作过渡，促进农具发展和社会分工。中间或造成单位劳力产出下降（集中人力进行水利和制具等基础投资，熟练新法需时），促使农业人口向城市流动，产生食品价格和就业压力，是政治社会不安多发期；但密耕深耕成熟后农业效率提高，城市的集聚效应也得以更好发挥。欧洲学者们以欧洲为中心，推想刀耕火种效率低，不顾模式更替规律，强行在落后地区推广先进农具技术，忽略特殊社会文化下的农耕态度，且过早打破原先较高的劳力产出，得不偿失。此视角下拉美依赖性发展或可理解为农业过早集中于经济作物，大量农村人口流到城市，导致农村缺乏劳力实现农业模式转换和农具推广的经济价值，城市不堪重负，沦为出口奴隶

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虽然萨林斯提出了反对材料，但还是很可敬的研究了，相当精彩的演绎

评分☆☆☆☆☆

虽然萨林斯提出了反对材料，但还是很可敬的研究了，相当精彩的演绎