This volume reports Nightingale's work to take trained nursing from its base at St. Thomas' Hospital in London to other hospitals in London, elsewhere in England, and into Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. It goes on to European countries (initially Sweden and Germany, later France and Italy), to Australia, the United States, Canada, and other countries of the then British Empire. Also featured is material on how Nightingale methods were taken up in Japan and China. This volume relates the difficulty of bringing trained nursing into the abysmal workhouse infirmaries, and it includes a section on the development of "district nursing", or nursing in the homes of the poor, as well as material on "health missioners", who taught better health practices at the homes of the rural poor. An appendix gives biographical sketches of major nursing leaders. "Extending Nursing" shows Nightingale promoting the core principles of nursing as a profession, independent of medicine, and providing well-paid career jobs for women. Here the case had to be made politically to a range of elected officials, hospital administrators, and health care reformers. At the same time, Nightingale had to attend to the health and safety of nurses (as well as patients), for hospitals continued to be dangerous places everywhere.