Leaders in all fields-business, medicine, law, government-make crucial decisions every day. The harsh truth is that they mismanage many of those choices, even though they have the right intentions. These blunders take a huge toll on leaders, their organizations, and the people they serve.

Why is it so hard to make sound decisions? We fall victim to simplified mental routines that prevent us from coping with the complex realities inherent in important judgment calls. Yet these cognitive errors are preventable. In Think Twice, Michael Mauboussin shows you how to recognize-and avoid-common mental missteps, including:

-Misunderstanding cause-and-effect linkages

-Aggregating micro-level behavior to predict macro-level behavior

-Not considering enough alternative possibilities in making a decision

-Relying too much on experts

Sharing vivid stories from business and beyond, Mauboussin offers powerful rules for avoiding each error. And he explains how to know when it's time to think twice-to question your reasoning and adopt decision-making strategies that are far more effective, even if they seem counterintuitive.

Master the art of thinking twice, and you'll start spotting dangerous mental errors-in your own decisions and in those of others. Equipped with this awareness, you'll soon begin making sounder judgment calls that benefit (rather than hurt) your organization.

[美]迈克尔•莫布森（Michael J. Mauboussin），哥伦比亚商学院教授，圣塔菲研究所核心成员，研究领域横跨心理学、竞争策略、金融、管理、复杂系统理论等，是当代复杂科学领域的领军人物，曾获得美国“商学院年度杰出教授”、“卓越教学奖”等奖项。

现任美盛资产管理公司首席投资策略师，曾任瑞士瑞信银行董事总经理兼美国分行首席投资策略师，在金融服务业工作超过25年，曾入选“全美投资分析师”、《华尔街日报》“全明星分析师”、“华尔街最有影响力人物”。

文章常见于《时代》《福布斯》《华尔街日报》《哈佛商业评论》《财富》等，另著有《魔鬼投资学》《期望投资学》等畅销书，作品被翻译成14种语言出版，并入选《商业周刊》“年度十佳商业书”、“史上百大经典商业书”等。