China's momentous socioeconomic transformation is not taking place in an intellectual vacuum: Chinese scholars and public intellectuals are actively engaged in fervent discussions about the country's domestic and foreign policies, demographic constraints, and ever-growing integration into the world community. This book focuses on China's major think tanks where policies are initiated, and on a few prominent thinkers who influence the way in which elites and the general public understand and deal with the various issues confronting the country.
The book examines a number of factors contributing to the rapid rise of Chinese think tanks in the reform era. These include the leadership's call for "scientific decision-making," the need for specialized expertise in economy and finance as China becomes an economic powerhouse, the demand for opinion leaders in the wake of a telecommunication revolution driven by social media, the accumulation of human and financial capital, and the increasing utility of the "revolving door" nature of think tanks.
It has been widely noted that think tanks and policy advisors have played an important role in influencing the strategic thinking of the top leadership, including the formation of ideas such as the "Three Represents," "China's peaceful rise," "One Belt and One Road," and the founding of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). In 2014, President Xi Jinping made think tank development a national strategy, and he claimed that "building a new type of think tank with Chinese characteristics is an important and pressing mission."
Though the media outside China has often reported on this important development, it has all but escaped rigorous scholarly scrutiny. This book will categorize Chinese think tanks by their various forms, such as government agencies, university-based think tanks, private think tanks, business research centers or consultancies, and civil society groups. It will not only analyze the problems and challenges in China's think tank development, but also reveal the power of ideas in this increasingly dynamic and diverse country.
Cheng Li is Director and Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution's John L Thornton China Center. Dr Li is also a director of the National Committee on US–China Relations, a member of the Academic Advisory Team of the Congressional US–China Working Group, and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. He is the author/editor of numerous books, including Rediscovering China: Dynamics and Dilemmas of Reform (1997), China's Leaders: The New Generation (2001), Bridging Minds Across the Pacific: The Sino–US Educational Exchange (2005), China's Changing Political Landscape: Prospects for Democracy (2008), China's Emerging Middle Class: Beyond Economic Transformation (2010), The Road to Zhongnanhai: High-Level Leadership Groups on the Eve of the 18th Party Congress (2012, in Chinese), China's Political Development: Chinese and American Perspectives (2014), and Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership (forthcoming 2016). He is the principal editor of the Thornton Center Chinese Thinkers Series published by the Brookings Institution Press.
Dr Li has advised a wide range of US government, education, research, business and not-for-profit organizations on work in China. Dr Li has frequently been called upon to share his unique perspective and insights as an expert on China. He recently appeared on BBC, CCTV, CNN, C-SPAN, ABC World News with Diane Sawyer, NPR Diane Rehm Show, and the PBS Charlie Rose Show. Li grew up in Shanghai during the Cultural Revolution. In 1985, he came to the United States when he later received an MA in Asian Studies from the University of California and a PhD in Political Science from Princeton University.
天哪,這本書簡直就是一場精神上的馬拉鬆!我原本以為這會是一本晦澀難懂的學術著作,畢竟書名聽起來就帶著一股子“正經”的味道。結果,我完全錯瞭。作者的敘事功力簡直是爐火純青,他能將那些宏大、抽象的概念,像是哲學流派的演變、科學範式的更迭,用一種近乎講故事的方式娓娓道來。我尤其喜歡他處理曆史轉摺點的方式,不是那種乾巴巴的時間綫羅列,而是深入到那些關鍵人物的內心世界,描繪齣他們麵對未知、掙紮、最終迸發齣靈感的瞬間。讀到某個章節時,我甚至能感受到那種思想突破的“痛感”和隨之而來的巨大喜悅。他巧妙地穿插瞭大量的曆史軼事和人物側寫,讓那些埋在曆史塵埃裏的思想火花重新閃耀起來。整本書讀下來,我感覺我的思維都被重新校準瞭一遍,看待世界的方式也變得更加立體和多維。那種仿佛站在巨人的肩膀上,俯瞰人類文明發展脈絡的震撼感,是很多同類書籍無法給予的。它不僅僅是知識的堆砌,更像是一次深度的思維按摩,讓人在酣暢淋灕中,對“思考”本身産生瞭更深的敬畏。
评分坦白講,這本書的語言風格非常“銳利”,帶著一種不容置疑的自信和一種略顯尖刻的幽默感。作者似乎毫不留情地解剖那些被過度神化的理論或人物,他揭示瞭許多光鮮亮麗的“思想巨頭”背後,其實也充滿瞭人性的弱點、政治的考量,甚至是純粹的運氣。這種去魅化的過程,非但沒有削弱我對思想的尊敬,反而讓我覺得那些能夠穿透迷霧、抵達真理的努力更加可貴和真實。他用詞精準,拒絕一切模糊的套話,尤其在批判既有權威時,那種精準打擊的力量感讓人拍案叫絕。比如,他對某個十七世紀的科學傢的評價,用瞭一個我從未在學術著作中見過的比喻,形象地指齣瞭其理論中的一個緻命的邏輯漏洞,讀完讓人忍不住想去查閱原始文獻,看看那個漏洞到底有多明顯。這種既有學術深度,又不失文學張力的錶達,讓閱讀過程充滿瞭興奮感,生怕自己錯過任何一個妙語連珠的句子。
评分如果用一個詞來概括這本書對我的影響,那一定是“催化劑”。它像是一劑強效的思維催化劑,激發瞭我內心深處對知識的好奇心和探究欲。閱讀過程中,我發現自己開始不受控製地聯想到其他領域的內容——比如讀到關於信息熵的論述,我會立刻想到我正在看的某部小說結構;讀到關於早期人類社會組織形態的分析,我會反思我所在公司當前的決策機製。這本書成功地打破瞭學科壁壘,將看似分散的知識點通過底層邏輯的力量聚閤在一起。它沒有直接提供任何“如何成功的秘訣”或者“如何思考”的操作指南,但這恰恰是它的高明之處。它提供的是一個看待世界的全新“透鏡”,一旦你習慣瞭用這個透鏡觀察,你就會發現,原來世界上的萬事萬物都是可以被連接起來的,而關鍵就在於你是否擁有足夠清晰和開放的視角。這是一本需要反復咀嚼、並且值得在人生的不同階段重讀的裏程碑式的作品。
评分這本書最讓我感到耳目一新的是它對於“失敗的思想”的重視程度。我們通常讀到的都是那些“成功者”的傳記,那些最終被曆史證明是正確的理論。然而,這位作者花瞭相當大的篇幅去探討那些曾經轟轟烈烈、卻最終被證明是死鬍同的哲學流派、社會實驗或者科學猜想。他沒有將它們簡單地視為曆史的注腳,而是深入分析瞭它們失敗的原因,認為正是這些“不成功的嘗試”為後來的成功鋪平瞭道路,或者至少為我們提供瞭寶貴的教訓。這種對“錯誤”的尊重,讓我意識到,思想的演進並非一條直綫,而是充滿瞭無數的岔路口和迴鏇。通過研究這些“失敗者”,我反而更好地理解瞭“成功”是如何艱難地掙脫既有框架的束縛的。這極大地緩解瞭我對完美主義的焦慮,讓我明白瞭在探索未知時,犯錯是多麼具有建設性的一部分。
评分我得說,這本書的結構設計簡直是鬼斧神工。它不是那種綫性推進的敘事,更像是一張精密編織的網,各個章節之間充滿瞭精妙的呼應和迴響。我發現自己經常需要停下來,翻迴前麵的章節去印證某個觀點,然後恍然大悟——原來作者早在一開始就埋下瞭伏筆。這種設計極大地增強瞭閱讀的互動性和探索性。它要求讀者必須全神貫注,稍有走神,可能就會錯過那個將兩個看似不相乾的理論串聯起來的關鍵連接點。我印象最深的是關於“集體無意識”與“技術倫理”的對比分析部分,作者沒有直接給齣結論,而是通過對比不同文化背景下對“進步”的定義,引齣瞭對當代社會中技術濫用現象的深刻反思。這種層層遞進、抽絲剝繭的寫作手法,讓結論的得齣顯得無比自然和具有說服力。它不像某些說教式的書籍那樣咄咄逼人,而是溫和地引導你走進作者的邏輯迷宮,最終讓你自己找到齣口,並由衷地贊嘆這條路徑的設計精妙。
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