Principles of Economics pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026
- 经济学
- 张五常
- 经济学
- 原理
- 教科书
- 经济学入门
- 市场经济
- 微观经济学
- 宏观经济学
- 经济学基础
- 经济学教材
- 曼昆
具体描述
Originally published in 1890, Principles of Economics was the first text to bring together the theories of supply and demand, marginal utility and cost of production into a coherent whole. It introduced a number of new concepts which have formed the building blocks of modern microeconomics and underpin modern day business strategy. Concepts such as; elasticity of demand – how consumer demand for a good or service is affected by a change in its price; consumer surplus – the difference between the maximum price a consumer is willing to pay and the price that they actually pay and quasi-rent – the profit made in the short–term from a product/innovation due to a reduction in supply.
Over 100 years after its original publication Principles of Economics continues to influence economic and business strategy. This re-issued classic contains a new introduction by Professor Peter Groenewegen who explores the profound impact that this critical work has had on economic and business thinking.
作者简介
Alfred Marshall (1842–1924) is widely regarded as the doyen of modern economics and the founder of the Neoclassical School of Economics; he is best known for revolutionising the teaching of economics. In 1865 Alfred Marshall was elected to a fellowship at St John's College, Cambridge, UK, he became a lecturer in moral sciences in 1868 and in 1885 he was awarded Professorship in Political Economy at Cambridge where he remained until his retirement in 1908. Marshall's magnus opus Principles of Economics was first published in 1890 to worldwide acclaim and it cemented his reputation as one of the leading economists of his time.
目录信息
1. Introduction
2. The Substance of Economics
3. Economic Generalizations or Laws
4. The Order and Aims of Economic Studies
BOOK II: SOME FUNDAMENTAL NOTIONS
1. Introductory
2. Wealth
3. Production, Consumption, Labour, Necessaries
4. Income. Capital.
BOOK III: ON WANTS AND THEIR SATISFACTION
1. Introductory
2. Wants in Relation to Activities
3. Gradations of consumers' demand
4. The elasticity of wants
5. Choice between different uses of the same thing. Immediate and deferred uses.
6. Value and utility
BOOK IV: THE AGENTS OF PRODUCTION. LAND, LABOUR, CAPITAL AND ORGANIZATION T
1. Introductory
2. The Fertility of Land
3. The Fertility of Land, continued. The Tendency to Diminishing Return.
4. The Growth of Population
5. The Health and Strength of the Population
6. Industrial Training.
7. The Growth of Wealth
8. Industrial Organization
9. Industrial Organization, continued. Division of Labour. The Influence of Machinery
10. Industrial Organization, continued. The Concentration of the Specialized Industries in Particular Localities.
11. Industrial Organization, continued. Production on a Large Scale
12. Industrial Organization, continued. Business Management.
13. Conclusion. Correlation of the Tendencies to Increasing and to Diminishing Return
BOOK V: GENERAL RELATIONS OF DEMAND, SUPPLY, AND VALUE
1. Introductory. On Markets.
2. Temporary Equilibrium of Demand and Supply
3. Equilibrium of Normal Demand and Supply
4. The Investment and Distribution of Resources
5. Equilibrium of Normal Demand and Supply, continued, with reference to long and short periods
6. Joint and Composite Demand. Joint and Composite Supply
7. Prime and total cost in relation to joint products. Cost of marketing. Insurance against risk. Cost of Reproduction.
8. Marginal costs in relation to values. General Principles.
9. Marginal costs in relation to values. General Principles, continued
10. Marginal costs in relation to agricultural values
11. Marginal costs in relation to urban values
12. Equilibrium of normal demand and supply, continued, with reference to the law of increasing return
13. Theory of changes of normal demand and supply, in relation to the doctrine of maximum satisfaction
14. The theory of monopolies
15. Summary of the general theory of equilibrium of demand and supply
BOOK VI: THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIONAL INCOME
1. Preliminary survey of distribution
2. Preliminary survey of distribution, continued
3. Earnings of labour
4. Earnings of labour, continued
5. Earnings of labour, continued
6. Interest of capital
7. Profits of capital and business power
8. Profits of capital and business power, continued
9. Rent of land
10. Land tenure
11. General view of distribution
12. General influences of progress on value
13. Progress in relation to standards of life
· · · · · · (收起)
读后感
评分
评分
评分
评分
用户评价
我必须承认，这本书在理论推导的严谨性上无可挑剔，但这种“完美无缺”的背后，却隐藏着一个巨大的缺陷：它对现实世界的洞察力显得有些苍白和过时。作者似乎更热衷于构建一个完全理性的经济人模型，并在那个理想化的象牙塔中进行精密的逻辑运算，却很少真正触及到真实世界中那些充斥着非理性决策、制度摩擦和突发冲击的复杂场景。当我读到关于市场失灵的章节时，虽然经典的外部性、公共品理论都被涵盖了，但对于近年来席卷全球的金融危机、气候变化的经济影响，或是数字经济带来的全新监管难题，提及得非常有限，或者仅仅是用一小段文字草草带过。这使得这本书读起来像是一部经典的、但未经更新的教科书。经济学是与时俱进的，新的现象需要新的工具去解释。如果一本书不能有效地将古典理论与现代的经济现实联系起来，那么它传授的知识就很容易变成“博物馆里的展品”。我希望看到更多关于行为经济学的应用，或者至少是对当前重大政策辩论的深入分析，而不是仅仅满足于对一百年前理论的精确复述。
评分这本书的案例分析部分，是整本书中最让人感到索然无味的部分。每一个理论讲解完毕后，总会附带一两个“实例”来试图巩固学习效果。然而，这些所谓的实例，很多都像是为了配合理论而硬生生编造出来的，缺乏真实世界的细节和泥土的芬芳。它们过于简化，以至于失去了案例应有的说服力。例如，在讲到关税对国内产业影响时，案例中提到的“XX国”和“YY国”的描述，其抽象程度让人感觉不到任何实际的贸易战的火药味，更像是两个字母的代换。我更倾向于阅读那些带有具体国家名称、时间背景，并且涉及到真实数据和政策制定者困境的深度案例。只有在鲜活的现实背景下，那些抽象的边际效用、边际成本的计算才真正有了意义。这本书的案例，更像是教科书作者为了完成章节结构而不得不添加的“装饰品”，读完之后，除了记得理论公式，对于现实世界的具体应用却毫无帮助。如果作者能投入更多精力去搜集和分析近十年发生的、具有里程碑意义的真实经济事件，并用这些事件来驱动理论的阐述，这本书的价值将不可同日而语。
评分这本书的内容组织结构，简直是一场漫长而曲折的迷宫探险。它试图用一种近乎线性的方式，将微观经济学的基石、宏观经济学的宏大叙事，以及更复杂的国际贸易和福利经济学理论塞进同一本书里，但两者之间的过渡处理得极其生硬。你刚沉浸在消费者行为理论的精妙分析中，下一章突然就跳到了通货膨胀的菲利普斯曲线，两者之间的联系需要读者自己去费力搭建。这种跳跃感让我感到十分困惑，尤其是在学习一些需要连续性思维的主题时。举例来说，对于财政政策和货币政策的介绍，如果能更清晰地将它们置于一个统一的政策框架下进行对比和分析，效果可能会好得多。这本书的论述方式更像是把各个经济学分支的权威论文摘要拼凑在一起，缺乏一种贯穿始终的、引人入胜的叙事主线。我常常需要不断翻阅前几章的内容，以确保我没有遗漏任何一个被作者“理所当然”地跳过去的逻辑环节。对于一个希望建立完整经济学知识体系的新手来说，这种碎片化的体验是令人沮丧的。它在广度上做得不错，但深度上，许多关键概念的内在联系被弱化了，依赖读者自己去消化和整合这些分散的知识点，实在有些强人所难。
评分这本书在配图和图表的排版上，简直是缺乏对读者的基本尊重。我能理解经济学需要图表来辅助理解，但是这里的图表设计，如果用“粗糙”来形容都算是客气的了。很多图表的坐标轴标签模糊不清，线条的粗细不一，有些关键的阴影区域区分度极低，甚至有些图表直接互相遮挡，让人需要借助放大镜才能分辨出哪条线代表什么变量。更要命的是，很多图表在正文中被引用了，但作者并没有给出足够的文字解释来引导读者解读图表中的关键信息点，而是简单地抛出一个“如图X所示”，期望读者能够自行从那堆混乱的线条中找出作者想要表达的结论。这极大地增加了学习的认知负荷。对于一本宣称面向“原理”的基础教材而言，清晰、直观、美观的视觉辅助材料至关重要。但这本书在这方面表现得像是一个匆忙赶工的初级设计人员的作品。阅读体验因此大打折扣，我不得不花费大量时间去“修复”图表中的信息缺失，而不是专注于吸收经济学本身的思想精华。这本书在学术严谨性上值得称赞，但在基础的阅读体验优化上，绝对是失分的。
评分这本书的语言风格实在是太……朴实无华了。读起来就像是听一位经验丰富但不太擅长讲故事的教授在讲解枯燥的公式。我承认，它在基础概念的阐述上是面面俱到的，从供需曲线的绘制到宏观经济指标的计算，每一个细节都被拆解得清清楚楚，恨不得把每个变量背后的逻辑都掰开揉碎了塞进你的脑子里。然而，这种“追求精确”的倾向，却牺牲了阅读的流畅性和趣味性。翻开任何一章，映入眼帘的往往是密密麻麻的数学符号和图表，这对于初学者来说，简直是一场视觉上的灾难。我常常需要在草稿纸上画满各种箭头和交叉点，才能勉强跟上作者的思路。更别提那些大量的专业术语，很多时候，作者似乎默认读者已经具备了相当的经济学背景，对新术语的引入缺乏足够的铺垫和生动的例子来辅助理解。结果就是，我常常在理解了一个复杂模型的过程中，又被新的、同样复杂的术语绊倒。这本书更像是一本严谨的参考手册，而非一本引人入胜的入门读物，如果你的目标是快速建立对经济学的直观感受，我建议你先找点别的更“讲人话”的材料来打个底子，否则，你可能会被这本“原理大全”的深度和广度直接劝退。它更适合作为高阶课程的工具书，而不是激发兴趣的敲门砖，实在太考验耐心了。
评分 评分 评分 评分 评分相关图书
本站所有内容均为互联网搜索引擎提供的公开搜索信息，本站不存储任何数据与内容，任何内容与数据均与本站无关，如有需要请联系相关搜索引擎包括但不限于百度，google,bing,sogou 等
© 2026 qciss.net All Rights Reserved. 小哈图书下载中心 版权所有