This meaty, scholarly collection of essays by gifted historian Niall Ferguson tackles the controversial topic of counterfactual questions: What if Hitler had invaded Britain in WWII? What if JFK had survived his assassination? What if there had been no Gorbachev to usher in the collapse of Communism? What if there had been no American Revolution? Ferguson points out that while questions such as these are a vital part of how we learn as individuals ("What if I had observed the speed limit, or refused that last drink?"), there remains a great deal of resistance--even hostility--to such musings among professional historians. "[I]n the dismissive phrase of E.H. Carr, 'counterfactual' history is a mere 'parlour game,' a 'red herring.'" E.P. Thompson is less charitable, calling counterfactual histories "'Geschichtswissenschlopff', unhistorical shit."

But Ferguson and his distinguished collaborators (many of whom are also Oxford fellows) lodge some convincing counterfactuals of their own to counter this arguably blinkered notion, this "idea that events are in some way preprogrammed, so that what was, had to be." In addition to the what-ifs above, Ferguson and his comrades tackle eight questions in all, including "What if Charles I had avoided the Civil War?", "What if Home Rule had been enacted [in Ireland] in 1912?", and "What if Britain had 'stood aside' in August 1914?" Virtual History makes for a stimulating and intellectually rigorous trip, with Ferguson's own delightful afterword as the collection's crowning jewel, a brilliant--and often bitingly clever--timeline tying together all the threads from 1646 to 1996.

尼爾·弗格森，英國最著名的曆史學傢之一。哈佛大學曆史係勞倫斯·A·蒂施教授、牛津大學耶穌學院高級研究員，同時也是斯坦福大學鬍佛研究所的高級研究員。他是極少數能橫跨學術界、金融界和媒體的專傢之一。著有暢銷書《帝國》、《虛擬的曆史》、《頂級金融傢》、《紙與鐵》、《金錢關係》、《戰爭的悲憫》、《巨人》、《貨幣崛起》、《羅斯柴爾德傢族》，同時還為多傢報紙和雜誌撰稿。此外，他還為第四頻道撰寫並製作瞭四部非常成功的電視紀錄片：《美國巨人》、《世界戰爭》、《貨幣崛起》和《文明》。2004年被《時代》周刊評為“影響世界的100人”之一。