James C. Scott is the Eugene Meyer Professor of Political Science and Anthropology at Yale University and current president of the Association of Asian Studies. He is the author of Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts, and The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia, all published by Yale University Press.
Compulsory "ujamaa" villages in Tanzania, collectivization in Russia, Le Corbusier's urban planning theory realized in Brasilia, the Great Leap Forward in China, agricultural "modernization" in the Tropics - the 20th century has been racked by grand utopian schemes that have inadvertently brought death and disruption to millions. Why do well-intentioned plans for improving the human condition go tragically awry? In this wide-ranging book, James C. Scott analyzes failed cases of large-scale authoritarian plans in a variety of fields. Centrally managed social plans misfire, Scott argues, when they impose schematic visions that do violence to complex interdependencies that are not, and cannot be, fully understood. Further, the success of designs for social organization depends upon the recognition that local, practical knowledge is as important as formal, epistemic knowledge. The author builds a case against "development theory" and imperialistic state planning that disregards the values, desires and objections of its subjects.
He identifies and discusses four conditions common to all planning disasters: administrative ordering of nature and society by the state; a "high-modernist ideology" that places confidence in the ability of human life; a willingness to use authoritarian state power to effect large-scale interventions; and a prostate civil society that cannot effectively resist such plans.
【摘要】斯科特在《国家的视角》中呈现了现代科学与理性主义哲学所构成的“现代知识”与不断强化自身权力的“现代国家”的共谋促成了“极端现代主义”计划的制订与实施。然而,简单化和清晰化的“国家的视角”无法真正认清社会的本来面目,从而导致计划的最终失败。此外,“极...
评分一本厚书,除非专门研究者,否则很难读完。导言基本涵盖了文章内容,但行文和翻译比较绕口。我就按照中国读者习惯的方式,对导言进行了再次压缩,有引用原文的,有按照我自己的理解重新编写过的,应该没有改变原意。 这是一个知识上的迂回旅行,我本来要去一个地方,结果顺着...
评分这本书很有名,太有名了,但是我认真读之前没想到他竟然是这么坚定的无政府主义。 这本书前前后后批评了一大堆看上去没什么关联的东西,但是总起来看,其实就是批评了两件事,一是“认识论知识”或者说规范的正式知识的拥有者(也就是科学家们)对这些知识的盲目信任和对metis...
评分当代国家出现在每个人的日常生活中:日复一日的安检搜身、没完没了的表格填写、到处都被要求出示身份证、“证明自己是自己”。这些具体的措施,既不是法治,也不是人治。每一种措施,都是普遍理性和任性人意的不可分混合。大多数时候无害且没有恶意,被统治者可以适应,但有时...
评分在我看来,这本书是哈耶克理论的实证版,或者说,是案例版。 对于人类社会以及人类社会所处的自然环境,到底是否有可能获得全部的知识和规律?从波普尔的观点来看,是不可能的。理论的创设不过是信息的简化,为我们认识世界提供一个清晰的视角。评价理论的好坏,对世界的解释...
非常渴望了解的话题,可是书却让人非常看不下去。。。
评分斯科特是个十分敏锐的家伙
评分非常渴望了解的话题,可是书却让人非常看不下去。。。
评分教科书
评分教科书
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