Leviathan pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) was born in Malmesbury. Entering Magdalen Hall, Oxford, in 1603, he took his degree in 1608 and became tutor to the eldest son of Lord Cavendish of Hardwick, afterwards the Earl of Devonshire; his connection with this family was life-long. His first interest was in the classics, and his first published work a translation of Thucydides, in 1628. An interest in science and philosophy soon developed, heightened by extended travels in Europe in 1629-31 and 1634-37. This led to his great project of a political science. His first verson of this, The Elements of Law, Natural and Politic, was privately circulated in 1640, when Parliament was hotly disputing the king’s powers, and Hobbes fled to Paris, where he stayed for eleven years.
A second version, De Cive, was published in 1642, and the third, Leviathan—the crowning achievement of his political science—in 1651. It was so influential that it came under widespread attack and was in danger of condemnation by the House of Commons. Hobbes perforce lived quietly and published little more on political matters. At the age of eighty-four he composed an autobiography in Latin verse, and within the next three years translated the whole of Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad.
- 霍布斯
- 政治哲学
- Hobbes
- 政治学
- 哲学
- 政治
- 利维坦
- Politics
“During the time men live without a common Power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called Warre”
Written during the turmoil of the English Civil War, Leviathan is an ambitious and highly original work of political philosophy. Claiming that man’s essential nature is competitive and selfish, Hobbes formulates the case for a powerful sovereign—or “Leviathan”—to enforce peace and the law, substituting security for the anarchic freedom he believed human beings would otherwise experience. This worldview shocked many of Hobbes’s contemporaries, and his work was publicly burnt for sedition and blasphemy when it was first published. But in his rejection of Aristotle’s view of man as a naturally social being, and in his painstaking analysis of the ways in which society can and should function, Hobbes opened up a whole new world of political science.
Based on the original 1651 text, this edition incorporates Hobbes’s own corrections, while also retaining the original spelling and punctuation, to read with vividness and clarity. C. B. Macpherson’s introduction elucidates one of the most fascinating works of modern philosophy for the general reader.
For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.
具体描述
读后感
今天，当我们谈到民主与专制时，恐怕没有人会怀疑两者孰优孰劣。似乎历史已经向我们证明了：专制是邪恶的、落后的、愚昧的象征，民主是正义的、先进的、智慧的象征，民主制度终将取代专制制度。 然而，这样的普世观念是我们自己认真思考后得出的结论吗？这其中是否掺杂有偏见？...
评分没看原著之前，在一些材料那里了解到，霍布斯主张人性本恶，在没有国家维持秩序之前的“自然状态”里，“人对人是狼”，什么规则都没有，只有弱肉强食，丛林法则。当时我想，霍布斯究竟多弱智才会把人类描述得如此猪狗不如，要知道自然界中最凶残的动物都不至于会与同类处在长...
评分 评分没看原著之前，在一些材料那里了解到，霍布斯主张人性本恶，在没有国家维持秩序之前的“自然状态”里，“人对人是狼”，什么规则都没有，只有弱肉强食，丛林法则。当时我想，霍布斯究竟多弱智才会把人类描述得如此猪狗不如，要知道自然界中最凶残的动物都不至于会与同类处在长...
评分应北京大学“大学堂”顶尖学者讲学计划的邀请，著名思想史家、历史学家、伦敦玛丽皇后学院教授昆廷·斯金纳（Quentin Skinner）于近日访问北京大学，并发表系列演讲。4月11日晚，斯金纳教授发表其系列演讲的第三讲。本次演讲由北京大学哲学系李猛教授主持。 在本次演讲中，斯金...
用户评价
part1 (ch6, 13)
评分在线表扬大企鹅的排版！文段旁边写出处的地方给了对上面的内容很好的概述，所以roadmap超级容易！
评分MacPherson的导言有点意思
评分为了搞掉教会的权势，霍布斯不惜一切手段构成这个绝对奇异绝对反常识的绝对国家主义。甚至抛出了只要有faith in Jesus and obedience to God，圣经怎么解读不重要的激进论断。从他几乎不可能实现的政治体系中（当今中国maybe？），也展露出很多延续到今天的政治和法律理念。很带劲的书！
评分太厉害了 legal theory值得好好反复看
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