Dame Mary Douglas, DBE, FBA (25 March 1921 – 16 May 2007) was a British anthropologist, known for her writings on human culture and symbolism, whose area of speciality was social anthropology. Douglas was considered a follower of Émile Durkheim and a proponent of structuralist analysis, with a strong interest in comparative religion.
First published in 1986 Mary Douglas' theory of institutions uses the sociological theories of Emile Durkheim and Ludwig Fleck to determine not only how institutions think, but also the extent to which thinking itself is dependent upon institutions. Different kinds of institutions allow individuals to think different kinds of thoughts and to respond to different emotions. It is just as difficult to explain how individuals come to share the categories of their thought as to explain how they ever manage to sink their private interests for a common good. Douglas forewarns us that institutions do not think independently, nor do they have purposes, nor do they build themselves. As we construct our institutions, we are squeezing each other's ideas into a common shape in order to prove their legitimacy by sheer numbers. She admonishes us not to take comfort in the thought that primitives may think through institutions, but moderns decide on important issues individually. Our legitimated institutions make major decisions, and these decisions always involve ethical principles.
想像这样一个情形:一组五位探险者困陷在石洞中,他们已知洞外救援工作正在紧张进行,但需要十余日方能打通。而此时他们食粮已尽,无法维持到救援成功的时刻。惟一生存下去的希望是牺牲成员之一,食其肉以延生,以一死拯救四条生命。这一组成员会如何解决这一困境呢? 在《制度...
評分想像这样一个情形:一组五位探险者困陷在石洞中,他们已知洞外救援工作正在紧张进行,但需要十余日方能打通。而此时他们食粮已尽,无法维持到救援成功的时刻。惟一生存下去的希望是牺牲成员之一,食其肉以延生,以一死拯救四条生命。这一组成员会如何解决这一困境呢? 在《制度...
評分想像这样一个情形:一组五位探险者困陷在石洞中,他们已知洞外救援工作正在紧张进行,但需要十余日方能打通。而此时他们食粮已尽,无法维持到救援成功的时刻。惟一生存下去的希望是牺牲成员之一,食其肉以延生,以一死拯救四条生命。这一组成员会如何解决这一困境呢? 在《制度...
評分想像这样一个情形:一组五位探险者困陷在石洞中,他们已知洞外救援工作正在紧张进行,但需要十余日方能打通。而此时他们食粮已尽,无法维持到救援成功的时刻。惟一生存下去的希望是牺牲成员之一,食其肉以延生,以一死拯救四条生命。这一组成员会如何解决这一困境呢? 在《制度...
評分想像这样一个情形:一组五位探险者困陷在石洞中,他们已知洞外救援工作正在紧张进行,但需要十余日方能打通。而此时他们食粮已尽,无法维持到救援成功的时刻。惟一生存下去的希望是牺牲成员之一,食其肉以延生,以一死拯救四条生命。这一组成员会如何解决这一困境呢? 在《制度...
前幾天偶然看到周老師寫的書評 aha moment 真心贊
评分irrationality
评分和學生課上一起討論的洞穴睏境案例。
评分irrationality
评分irrationality
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