Part 1
The development of the mass party: the origin of political parties, Joseph La Palombara and Myron Weiner;
the advent of plebiscitarian democracy, Max Weber;
caucus and branch, cadre parties and mass parties, Maurice Duverger;
the party of democratic integration, Sigmund Neumann;
the catchall party, Otto Kirchheimer;
parties in pluralism, Alessandro Pizzorno.
Part 2
The stabilization of party systems: structuring the party system, Giovanni Sartori;
the "reach" of the party system, Hans Daalder; cleavage structures, party systems and voter alignments, Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan;
towards a generalized concept of "Verzuiling", Stein Rokkan;
the sociology of parties, Giovanni Sartori.
Part 3
The transformation of party systems: persistence and change in western party systems, 1945-1969, Richard Rose and Derek W.Urwin;
electoral volatility in Western Europe, 1948-1977, Mogens N.Pedersen;
parameters of change, Peter Mair;
the transformation of Western European party systems, Steven B.Wolinetz;
models of change, Scott C.Flanagan and Russell J.Dalton;
the nature of value change, Ronald Inglehart;
dimensions of ideology in European party systems, Arend Lijphart;
from class-based to value-based politics, Ronald Inglehart.
Part 4
Types of party system: the two-party system and the multi-party system, Maurice Duverger;
party systems and patterns of opposition, Robert A.Dahl;
types of party system, Jean Blondel;
the electoral balance, Stein Rokkan;
a typology of party systems, Giovanni Sartori.
· · · · · · (收起)