目 錄
引 言 不為利潤,但求價值…………………………………………………………………1
第一部分 美國非營利部門概述
第一章 定義“第三部門”……………………………………………………………………3
一 什麼是非營利部門?…………………………………………………………………5
二 為何需要非營利部門?………………………………………………………………13
三 美國非營利部門全景:規模、範圍與組成…………………………………………25
第二章 對手還是夥伴:與政府和商業的關係………………………………………………36
一 政府對非營利部門的扶持與監管……………………………………………………39
二 非營利部門對政府的補充、輔助與抗衡……………………………………………49
三 非營利部門與商業的關係……………………………………………………………56
第三章 “第三部門”的曆史形成……………………………………………………………64
一 美國早期的慈善活動(1601~1860年)……………………………………………67
二 公益事業的製度化(1861~1930年)………………………………………………76
三 “第三部門”的崛起(1931~2001年)……………………………………………85
第四章 新世紀的挑戰與趨勢…………………………………………………………………89
一 總體發展前景…………………………………………………………………………90
二 主要挑戰………………………………………………………………………………93
三 運作管理趨勢…………………………………………………………………………96
第二部分 非營利機構的運作與管理
第五章 宗旨第一………………………………………………………………………………107
一 一切從宗旨齣發………………………………………………………………………110
二 以戰略性眼光確立宗旨………………………………………………………………111
三 非營利部門的領導者…………………………………………………………………118
四 規劃……………………………………………………………………………………122
第六章 製度與人………………………………………………………………………………128
一 基本製度………………………………………………………………………………131
二 董事會…………………………………………………………………………………138
三 員工與誌願者…………………………………………………………………………151
第七章 從宗旨到戰略:創新、營銷與籌款…………………………………………………157
一 創新戰略………………………………………………………………………………159
二 營銷戰略………………………………………………………………………………166
三 籌款戰略………………………………………………………………………………172
第八章 可持續發展……………………………………………………………………………190
一 財政的可持續性………………………………………………………………………192
二 業績的可持續性………………………………………………………………………197
三 領導力的可持續性……………………………………………………………………205
第三部分 推動民間外交的非營利機構
第九章 關注民間外交…………………………………………………………………………213
一 從官方外交到民間外交………………………………………………………………217
二 為何需要民間外交?…………………………………………………………………225
三 非營利機構的外交優勢………………………………………………………………235
第十章 智庫:美國的“影子政府”…………………………………………………………241
一 美國智庫的昨天與今天………………………………………………………………244
二 智庫與政府決策………………………………………………………………………262
三 在意見市場中的運作…………………………………………………………………273
第十一章 基金會:以私人財富推動社會進步………………………………………………278
一 基金會是非營利部門的運作秘訣……………………………………………………283
二 基金會的運作與戰略…………………………………………………………………293
三 美國基金會與中國……………………………………………………………………305
第十二章 搭建中美之橋………………………………………………………………………313
一 中美民間外交的先鋒…………………………………………………………………316
二 美國社會瞭解中國的窗口……………………………………………………………326
三 美國華裔的特殊力量…………………………………………………………………334
後 記……………………………………………………………………………………………345
英文概要…………………………………………………………………………………………359
主要英文文獻資料………………………………………………………………………………362
Contents
Preface Not for Profits, but for Values ................................./1
Part Ⅰ Overview of America’s Nonprofit Sector
Chapter 1 Defining the “Third Sector” ................................./3
1 What is the Nonprofit Sector? ...................................../5
2 Why Do We Need the Nonprofit Sector? ............................../13
3 The Anatomy of America’s Nonprofit Sector:
Scale, Scope, and Structure ....................................../25
Chapter 2 Adversaries or Partners: Relations with
Government and Business ....................................../36
1 Government Facilitation and Regulation ............................/39
2 Nonprofits as Supplements, Complements,
and Adversaries to Government ..................................../49
3 Relationship between Nonprofits and Business ....................../56
Chapter 3 Historical Developments of the “Third Sector” .............../64
1 Charitable Activities in Early America, 1601-1860 ................./67
2 The Institutionalization of Philanthropy, 1861-1930 .............../76
3 The Emergence of the “Third Sector,” 1931-2001 ................../85
Chapter 4 Challenges and Trends in the New Century ....................../89
1 Overall Outlook .................................................../90
2 Major Challenges ................................................../93
3 Operational Trends ................................................/96
Part Ⅱ Nonprofit Operation and Management
Chapter 5 The Mission Comes First ......................................./107
1 Why Mission Matters .............................................../110
2 Vision-Directed Mission .........................................../111
3 Nonprofit Leaders ................................................./118
4 Planning ........................................................../122
Chapter 6 System and People ............................................./128
1 Basic Rules and Systems .........................................../131
2 The Board ........................................................./138
3 Staff and Volunteers ............................................../151
Chapter 7 From Mission to Strategies: Innovation,
Marketing,and Fundraising ..................................../157
1 Innovation Strategies ............................................./159
2 Marketing Strategies ............................................../166
3 Fundraising Strategies ............................................/172
Chapter 8 Sustainability ................................................/190
1 Financial Sustainability ........................................../192
2 Performance Sustainability ......................................../197
3 Leadership Sustainability ........................................./205
Part Ⅲ Roles of Nonprofits in People-to- People Diplomacy
Chapter 9 Focusing on People-to-People Diplomacy ......................../213
1 From Government Diplomacy to People-to-People Diplomacy .........../217
2 Why Do We Need People-to-People Diplomacy? ......................../225
3 Private Sector Involvement in Diplomacy: The Benefits . .........../235
Chapter 10 Think Tanks: America’s“Shadow Government” ................./241
1 The Origin and Evolution of American Think Tanks ................../244
2 Think Tanks and Policymaking ....................................../262
3 Think Tank Management ............................................./273
Chapter 11 Foundations:Using Private Wealth to Advance Social Progress ../278
1 The Operational Secret of the Nonprofit Sector ..................../283
2 Foundation Operation and Strategy ................................./293
3 American Foundations and China ..................................../305
Chapter 12 Bridging the United States and China ........................./313
1 A Pioneer in U.S.-China People-to-People Diplomacy ................/316
2 A Window into China for Americans ................................./326
3 Special Contributions of Chinese Americans ......................../334
Epilogue ................................................................./345
Synopsis(in English) ...................................................../359
Selected Bibliography(in English) ......................................../362
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