How should Japan cope with the challenges posed by a shrinking and ageing population and the quickening pace of globalization? Japan has largely overcome the legacies of the post-bubble economy of the 1990s, but ongoing demographic changes and greater financial and trade integration with the global economy call for policies that foster competitiveness, increase resilience to shocks, and safeguard growth prospects. Japan's policymakers face many challenges going into the future, and a debate continues as to what form the necessary policies should take. This book brings together a range of contributions from IMF economists to further the ongoing policy debate. Offering a comprehensive analysis of Japan's recent recovery from a decade-long period of economic stagnation, this volume also provides an overview of the unfinished policy issues and the unfinished agenda, as well as the international spillovers of Japan's policies. With opinions and research from top IMF experts in the area, this book is essential reading for all interested in the resurgence of Japan's economy and the policy debates which will determine its future.