The United Nations and Nuclear Orders

The United Nations and Nuclear Orders pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2026

出版者:
作者:Boulden, Jane (EDT)/ Thakur, Ramesh (EDT)/ Weiss, Thomas G. (EDT)
出品人:
页数:319
译者:
出版时间:
价格:263.00 元
装帧:
isbn号码:9789280811674
丛书系列:
图书标签:
  • 联合国
  • 核秩序
  • 国际关系
  • 国际安全
  • 核武器
  • 国际法
  • 政治学
  • 核不扩散
  • 全球治理
  • 冷战后
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具体描述

国际关系与全球治理:历史、理论与实践 本书聚焦于国际关系领域的关键理论框架、历史演变及其在当代全球治理中的实际应用。 本书旨在为读者提供一个理解复杂国际体系的全面视角,从经典的现实主义到建构主义的最新发展,深入剖析国家行为、权力结构、国际法和多边合作的动态机制。 第一部分:国际关系理论的基石与演变 第一章:理论的摇篮——古典现实主义与新现实主义 本章将追溯国际关系理论的源头,重点探讨塑造早期国际关系思想的决定性因素。我们将详细分析现实主义的经典命题,即国家是国际体系中的核心行为体,追求权力与安全是其首要目标。从马基雅维利到霍布斯,再到二战后兴起的古典现实主义,如汉斯·摩根索的权力政治学,阐明了国家间冲突的内在逻辑。 随后,转向对冷战时期影响深远的结构现实主义(新现实主义)。斯蒂芬·沃尔兹的进攻性与防御性现实主义的辩论将被作为核心案例进行剖析。我们将考察国际体系的无政府状态如何迫使国家采取特定的生存策略,并比较进攻性学派认为永久主导地位是安全保障,而防御性学派主张“足够安全”才是理性的观点。本章还会涉及权力转移理论(Power Transition Theory)在预测大国冲突中的应用价值。 第二章:自由主义的理想与实践——从相互依赖到民主和平论 本章深入探讨了与现实主义并驾齐驱的自由主义思想流派。自由主义强调合作的潜能、国际制度的作用以及非国家行为体的崛起。我们将从康德关于永久和平的构想到,过渡到结构性自由主义(新自由制度主义)。重点分析罗伯特·基欧汉(Robert Keohane)提出的复杂相互依赖理论(Complex Interdependence),探讨经济联系和制度规范如何制约国家的主权行为,降低战争的概率。 民主和平论是自由主义理论中的核心议题。本书将细致考察“成熟的、稳定的民主国家之间很少发生战争”这一经验观察背后的理论基础,包括制度制约、共享规范和问责制机制。同时,本章也会批判性地审视该理论的局限性,尤其是在面对“民主转型期”国家行为的复杂性时。 第三章:范式之争与后实证主义的挑战 随着国际体系的日益复杂化,对传统理论的反思催生了更多关注观念、文化和认同的理论。本章将聚焦于建构主义的兴起。亚历山大·温特(Alexander Wendt)的“无政府状态是国家构建的”这一论断,强调社会规范、集体观念和身份认同在塑造国家利益和行为中的决定性作用。 此外,本章还将探讨后实证主义转向,包括批判理论(Critical Theory)、后殖民主义(Postcolonialism)和女性主义(Feminist)视角。这些理论挑战了西方中心主义和精英主义的知识建构,揭示了权力关系中被压抑的声音和被忽视的结构性不平等,如父权制在国际政治中的体现,以及全球南方国家在国际秩序构建中的边缘化地位。 第二部分:国际制度与全球治理的结构 第四章:国际法与国际制度的约束力 本章系统阐述了国际法体系的结构、发展及其在约束国家行为中的实际效力。我们将考察国际法的渊源,包括习惯国际法、条约法以及“普遍管辖权”原则。重点分析国际法院(ICJ)和国际刑事法院(ICC)的职能与局限性。 国际制度和组织作为规范、规则和程序的集合体,是全球治理的核心载体。本章将以世界贸易组织(WTO)和国际货币基金组织(IMF)为例,分析这些制度如何通过降低交易成本、提供信息和建立问责机制,促进多边合作,即使在国家利益存在冲突时亦是如此。本章还将探讨制度的“粘性”——即为什么一个制度一旦建立,即使其效力减弱,也难以被轻易解散。 第五章:主权、人权与干预的伦理困境 国家主权原则是现代国际体系的基石,但其在面对大规模人道主义灾难和系统性侵犯人权时,面临着严峻的挑战。本章详细探讨了从“不干涉内政”到“保护责任”(Responsibility to Protect, R2P)的观念转变。 我们将深入分析R2P框架下的法律和伦理辩论:何时、何种情况下,国际社会有权超越国家主权进行军事或非军事干预?本章将运用冷战后的一系列案例(如波斯尼亚、卢旺达、利比亚)来检验R2P在实践中的选择性应用、合法性争议以及对主权原则的侵蚀风险。 第六章:非国家行为体的崛起与权力分散 当代国际关系不再是国家间的独角戏。本章分析了跨国公司(MNCs)、非政府组织(NGOs)、恐怖组织以及技术巨头等非国家行为体如何重塑全球议程和权力分配。 我们将考察NGOs在推动环境、劳工标准和人权议程方面的“议程设置”能力,以及它们如何通过“命名与羞辱”(Name and Shame)策略来影响国家政策。同时,本章也关注跨国犯罪网络和恐怖主义组织的扩散,它们对传统安全概念构成的挑战,以及国际社会在打击此类非对称威胁时所面临的法律和情报困境。 第三部分:当代国际秩序的挑战与前景 第七章:大国竞争的新常态与权力转移 本章将视线转向当前全球地缘政治的核心议题:新兴大国与守成大国之间的关系演变。我们将分析权力转移的理论模型(如修昔底德陷阱)在当前中美关系中的适用性,并考察结构性因素(如经济相互依赖、军事能力对比)如何影响竞争的性质。 重点讨论“制度性竞争”——即大国之间不仅争夺物质资源,更是在争夺国际规范、标准和治理模式的制定权。本章将涉及“区域化”趋势与全球化的拉锯战,以及不同集团试图构建替代性多边框架的努力。 第八章:全球性挑战的跨国应对 气候变化、流行病、网络安全和金融危机等问题具有显著的跨国溢出效应,要求超越国家边界的集体行动。本章探讨了应对这些“全球性挑战”的治理困境。 针对气候变化,我们将分析《巴黎协定》的“自下而上”模式与传统“自上而下”的条约机制的差异,以及气候正义问题对全球南方国家转型的关键影响。在网络空间,本章讨论了主权原则在虚拟世界中的模糊性,以及建立网络空间国际规范和信任措施的必要性与难度。 第九章:和平建设与冲突后重建 冲突解决是国际关系实践的终极考验。本章系统回顾了从军事干预、维和行动到冲突后和平建设(Peacebuilding)的理论与实践路径。我们将区分不同层次的干预:从冲突降级、停火监督到深层次的制度重建。 重点分析联合国维和行动的演变,从传统的军事观察到当前授权执行建设和平任务(如重建司法系统、安全部门改革)的复杂性。本章还将审视“精英主导型”和平协议与“包容性”和平进程之间的张力,强调地方社会和公民社会在确保和平持久性中的不可替代的作用。 总结:走向何方的国际秩序? 本书的结论部分将对上述理论和案例进行综合反思。我们不会提供一个确定的预言,而是总结当前国际体系所面临的结构性矛盾:无政府状态与合作需求之间的张力、主权与人权之间的悖论,以及全球化与民族主义回归之间的冲突。本书鼓励读者运用多重理论工具,批判性地评估国际事务的发展趋势,理解治理的脆弱性与韧性,从而在不断演变的全球格局中形成成熟的判断力。

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这部《联合国与核秩序》的书名,让我立刻联想到冷战时期那种剑拔弩张又相互制约的核恐怖平衡,以及联合国在其中扮演的微妙角色。我非常期待书中能有一部分内容,是关于联合国如何在这种高度紧张的国际环境下,通过自身的平台来缓和紧张局势,避免核战争的发生。这是否意味着书中会详细描述联合国在美苏两大阵营对峙期间,所采取的各种外交斡旋、和平倡议,以及它在建立沟通渠道、传递信息方面的作用? Moreover, I am curious about the author's exploration of the United Nations' role in the post-Cold War era. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of new geopolitical realities undoubtedly presented both opportunities and challenges for the UN's nuclear diplomacy. I would be interested to see how the book analyzes the UN's efforts in managing the legacy of Soviet nuclear arsenals, facilitating the denuclearization of former Soviet republics, and adapting its strategies to address the evolving threat landscape. The title "Nuclear Orders" implies a discussion about different configurations of power and influence in the nuclear domain. I anticipate that the book will delve into the complex interplay between the United Nations and individual states, particularly the nuclear-weapon states, in shaping these orders. It would be fascinating to learn how the UN's authority and influence have been exercised in relation to the sovereign decisions of these powerful nations regarding their nuclear capabilities.

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This book, titled "The United Nations and Nuclear Orders," immediately sparks my curiosity about the historical evolution of nuclear governance. I am eager to learn how the United Nations, since its inception, has been instrumental in forging a framework for managing the proliferation and potential use of nuclear weapons. The term "Nuclear Orders" suggests a look at the various ways in which nuclear capabilities have been structured and controlled throughout different periods, and how the UN has been a central player in these developments. I would expect the book to analyze the foundational role of the UN in establishing key international instruments such as the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). It would be enlightening to understand the diplomatic struggles and compromises that led to the creation of such landmark agreements, and how the UN served as the crucible for these negotiations. Furthermore, I anticipate a discussion on the challenges faced by the UN in ensuring universal adherence to these treaties and in preventing the diversion of nuclear materials for illicit purposes. The title also implies a broader examination of the concepts of stability and security in a nuclear age. I am keen to explore how the UN has contributed to promoting a sense of collective security and deterring nuclear aggression. This might involve discussions on the UN's role in conflict resolution, its disarmament initiatives, and its efforts to build confidence and transparency among states.

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这本书的书名《联合国与核秩序》就足以激起我的强烈兴趣。作为一个长期关注国际安全和军备控制议题的普通读者,我一直对核武器的存在及其对全球稳定造成的深远影响感到忧虑。这个书名暗示了联合国在应对这一全球性挑战中所扮演的关键角色,这让我充满期待。我设想这本书将深入探讨联合国在核不扩散、核裁军以及应对核威胁方面的历史性努力和现状。我会好奇作者是如何分析联合国在不同历史时期,例如冷战时期、后冷战时期以及当前日益复杂的国际局势下,如何通过其独特的平台来协调成员国的利益、制定相关条约和协议,以及推动全球核秩序的建立和维护的。 我特别希望能了解书中是否会涉及联合国安理会在核问题上的决策机制,以及常任理事国之间在核问题上的博弈和妥协。Furthermore, I anticipate that the book will offer a nuanced perspective on the effectiveness of UN-led initiatives. It is likely that the author will examine both the successes and the limitations of the United Nations in achieving its nuclear-related objectives. This could include discussions on the challenges posed by non-state actors, the rise of new nuclear powers, and the persistent difficulties in achieving universal adherence to non-proliferation treaties. I would be keen to see how the author frames the future of the UN’s role in a world where nuclear weapons continue to be a formidable threat, and what potential avenues for reform or enhanced engagement might exist. 从书名来看,《联合国与核秩序》似乎是一部严肃的学术著作,但我也希望它能以一种引人入胜的方式呈现。我期待作者能够运用丰富的史料和案例研究,生动地描绘出围绕核武器的国际政治图景。例如,书中是否会讲述那些重大的核危机事件,以及联合国在其中扮演的斡旋者或协调者的角色?我很好奇作者是如何描绘那些关键的历史时刻,比如《不扩散核武器条约》(NPT)的诞生、核试验的争议、以及围绕国际原子能机构(IAEA)的运作。 This book's title immediately conjures images of intense diplomatic maneuvering and the complex web of international agreements that govern nuclear proliferation. I am particularly curious about the author's exploration of the evolving definition of "nuclear order." Has it been a static concept, or has it adapted and transformed in response to geopolitical shifts and technological advancements? I'm eager to delve into how the United Nations, as an institution, has grappled with the inherent paradox of managing nuclear weapons: their existence as a deterrent versus their catastrophic potential. This suggests a deep dive into the various organs and agencies within the UN that are tasked with nuclear oversight. I imagine the book will shed light on the bureaucratic processes, the political influences, and the ethical considerations that shape the UN's approach to nuclear diplomacy. Ultimately, I hope for an insightful analysis of whether the UN has successfully fostered a global environment where the risks associated with nuclear weapons are effectively mitigated, and what lessons can be drawn from its endeavors for future generations.

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The title *The United Nations and Nuclear Orders* immediately brings to mind the complex and often precarious nature of global security in the nuclear age. I am particularly intrigued by the possibility that this book might explore the philosophical underpinnings of what constitutes a "nuclear order." Is it merely the absence of nuclear conflict, or does it encompass a more proactive and normative approach to managing nuclear technology and its implications for humanity? I anticipate that the author will delve into the United Nations' multifaceted role in this regard, moving beyond a purely transactional analysis of arms control treaties. It would be fascinating to read about the UN's attempts to shape international norms and perceptions surrounding nuclear weapons, perhaps by highlighting the devastating humanitarian consequences of their use. This could involve discussions on the UN's engagement with civil society, its sponsorship of research, and its efforts to raise global awareness about the existential threat posed by nuclear arsenals. Furthermore, I am eager to understand how the UN's inherent structure, with its diverse membership and varying interests, has influenced its approach to nuclear diplomacy. The book's title suggests a focus on the "orders" themselves, implying a potential comparative analysis of different models or phases of nuclear governance. This could lead to an examination of how the UN has adapted its strategies over time, responding to shifting geopolitical landscapes and emerging technological challenges.

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《联合国与核秩序》这个书名,总让我联想到那些在国际政治舞台上,各国代表们为了和平与安全而进行的复杂博弈。我很好奇,本书是否会深入剖析联合国在促成一系列关于核武器的国际条约和机制时,所经历的漫长而艰辛的外交过程。譬如,那些关于核试验禁止、核材料管制、以及核能和平利用的条约,它们是如何在不同国家利益和意识形态的碰撞中,逐步达成共识并得以生效的?我期待作者能够详细介绍联合国在其中的推动作用,以及它如何扮演一个多边平台,为各国提供对话和协商的空间。 Furthermore, I anticipate that the book will provide a critical assessment of the United Nations' effectiveness in enforcing these agreements. It is one thing to create treaties; it is another to ensure their compliance. I would be very interested to learn how the author analyzes the challenges the UN faces in monitoring and verifying nuclear activities, especially in the face of clandestine programs or states that are reluctant to cooperate fully. The book's title suggests a focus on the "order" itself, implying a discussion about the stability and robustness of the existing nuclear regime. Therefore, I would expect to see an examination of the various threats to this order, such as the proliferation of nuclear weapons to new states or the potential for non-state actors to acquire them. I am also keen to understand the author's perspective on the role of the UN in fostering a normative framework around nuclear weapons. Beyond the legalistic aspects of treaties, how has the UN contributed to shaping international norms and perceptions regarding the legitimacy and acceptability of possessing and using nuclear weapons? This could involve exploring the UN's public diplomacy efforts, its support for educational initiatives, and its articulation of the humanitarian consequences of nuclear warfare. The book's title, "The United Nations and Nuclear Orders," suggests a broad scope, and I am eager to discover the multifaceted ways in which the UN has influenced the global approach to nuclear security.

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