Multitrophic Level Interactions pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

☆☆☆☆☆
简体网页||繁体网页

Tscharntke, Teja (EDT)/ Hawkins, Bradford A. (EDT)

2008-10

288

$ 68.93

9780521084185

图书标签:

喜欢 Multitrophic Level Interactions 的读者还喜欢

下载链接在页面底部

点击这里下载

facebook linkedin mastodon messenger pinterest reddit telegram twitter viber vkontakte whatsapp 复制链接

想要找书就要到小哈图书下载中心

qciss.net

立刻按 ctrl+D收藏本页

你会得到大惊喜!!

发表于2024-11-29

Multitrophic Level Interactions epub 下载 mobi 下载 pdf 下载 txt 电子书下载 2024

Multitrophic Level Interactions pdf epub mobi txt 电子书下载 2024

图书描述

The multitrophic level approach to ecology addresses the complexity of food webs much more realistically than the traditional focus on simple systems and interactions. Only in the last few decades have ecologists become interested in the nature of more complex systems including tritrophic interactions between plants, herbivores and natural enemies. Plants may directly influence the behaviour of their herbivores' natural enemies, ecological interactions between two species are often indirectly mediated by a third species, landscape structure directly affects local tritrophic interactions and below-ground food webs are vital to above-ground organisms. The relative importance of top-down effects (control by predators) and bottom-up effects (control by resources) must also be determined. These interactions are explored in this exciting volume by expert researchers from a variety of ecological fields. This book provides a much-needed synthesis of multitrophic level interactions and serves as a guide for future research for ecologists of all descriptions.

Multitrophic Level Interactions 下载 mobi epub pdf txt 电子书