Situating public health within its social, environmental and political context, this book provides a realistic analysis of policy frameworks, effective interventions and robust measurement and evaluation. Viewed through psychology, sociology, and political science as well as public health, it creates a compelling vision for public health policy founded on choosing targets and sustaining evaluation in order to improve health status and lessen health inequalities. It examines the idea that public health needs to emancipate itself from three outmoded inclinations. The first is to be overly paternalistic without sufficient emphasis on shared responsibility for health. The second is to fail to sufficiently acknowledge the profound impact of social context on individual behaviour and motivation; and the third is to see public health outcomes as largely the results or externalities of the bad behaviour of others. The book shows the imperative to engage with social marketing to integrate public health advocacy into our market-orientated society and effectively guide people's behaviour, choices and sense of responsibility.