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出版者:Minerals, Metals, & Materials Society

作者:Krishan Kumar Chawla

出品人:

页数:485

译者:

出版时间:1994-10

价格:USD 100.00

装帧:Hardcover

isbn号码:9780873392471

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• 复合材料
• 高性能材料
• 工程材料
• 材料科学
• 结构工程
• 航空航天
• 汽车工程
• 聚合物
• 碳纤维
• 玻璃纤维

Advanced Materials Science: A Practical Guide to Novel Structures This comprehensive volume delves into the cutting-edge landscape of novel material structures, offering a detailed exploration of their design, synthesis, characterization, and application. Moving beyond conventional material paradigms, this book focuses on the intricate interplay of form and function at the nanoscale and microscale, unlocking unprecedented performance capabilities. Part I: Fundamentals of Advanced Material Architectures The foundational section lays the groundwork by systematically dissecting the principles governing the creation and behavior of advanced material architectures. It begins with a thorough examination of emerging synthesis methodologies, exploring techniques such as: Template-directed synthesis: This includes the use of hard and soft templates to dictate the precise morphology and pore structure of materials, leading to ordered mesoporous carbons, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with tailored properties. The discussion will cover the selection of appropriate templates, the control of pore size distribution, and the impact of template removal on material integrity. Self-assembly processes: The book will analyze the thermodynamic and kinetic driving forces behind spontaneous organization of molecular building blocks into complex supramolecular structures. Emphasis will be placed on block copolymers, surfactants, and peptide assemblies, illustrating how molecular design translates into macroscopic ordered phases. Additive manufacturing (3D printing) of materials: A significant portion is dedicated to the revolutionary potential of 3D printing in constructing intricate 3D material architectures with unparalleled control over geometry. This covers various printing techniques like stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and selective laser sintering (SLS), with detailed discussions on material selection for printing (polymers, ceramics, metals), process optimization, and the challenges of achieving high resolution and material integrity. Bio-inspired fabrication: Drawing inspiration from nature's ingenious designs, this section explores biomimetic approaches to material synthesis. Examples include hierarchical structures found in bone, nacre, and lotus leaves, and how these principles can be applied to create materials with enhanced mechanical properties, self-healing capabilities, and environmental responsiveness. Controlled deposition techniques: Techniques such as atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) will be examined for their ability to create ultra-thin films and coatings with precise stoichiometry and uniformity, crucial for microelectronic devices, protective layers, and catalytic surfaces. Following synthesis, the book provides an in-depth look at advanced characterization techniques. Understanding the nuanced structure of these novel materials is paramount. This section details: High-resolution imaging: Exploring the capabilities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for visualizing nanoscale features, crystal defects, and interfaces. Advanced techniques like aberration-corrected TEM and environmental SEM will be highlighted for their ability to probe materials under working conditions. Spectroscopic analysis: Covering techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for elemental composition, chemical bonding, and vibrational modes. Scattering methods: Detailed explanations of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for determining crystallographic information, particle size, and pore structure. Neutron scattering will also be discussed for its unique sensitivity to light elements and magnetic properties. Mechanical testing at the micro- and nanoscale: Addressing the challenges and methodologies for evaluating the mechanical behavior of materials at these diminutive scales, including nanoindentation, atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based force measurements, and micro-tensile testing. In-situ characterization: A crucial aspect of understanding dynamic processes, this covers techniques that allow for real-time observation of material transformations under various stimuli like heat, stress, or chemical environments. Part II: Functional Material Architectures and Their Applications The second part of the book shifts focus to specific classes of functional material architectures and their transformative applications across diverse fields. Chapter 3: Nanostructured Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage This chapter explores the design of nanostructured materials tailored for enhanced efficiency in energy-related applications. Topics include: Electrocatalysts: The role of high surface area nanoparticles, core-shell structures, and ordered mesoporous materials in improving catalytic activity and stability for fuel cells and water splitting. Photocatalytic materials: Nanomaterials with tailored band gaps and surface properties for efficient solar water splitting, CO2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. This includes discussions on quantum dots, plasmonic nanoparticles, and heterojunctions. Battery electrode materials: Nanostructured anodes and cathodes (e.g., silicon nanowires, graphene-metal oxide composites) for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, and solid-state batteries, focusing on improved charge/discharge rates, cycle life, and energy density. Supercapacitors: Designing materials with high surface area and pseudocapacitive properties for high power density energy storage devices, including activated carbons, MXenes, and conducting polymer composites. Chapter 4: Porous and Hierarchical Materials for Separation and Filtration This section delves into the intricate world of porous materials and their applications in separation science. It covers: Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): The tunable pore size and chemical functionality of MOFs for selective gas adsorption, separation of isomers, and purification of liquids. Applications in carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and chemical sensing will be detailed. Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): Similar to MOFs but built from light elements with covalent bonds, offering enhanced stability and diverse structural motifs for gas separation, catalysis, and electronic applications. Nanoporous membranes: The fabrication and performance of polymer and ceramic membranes with precisely controlled pore sizes for water purification (reverse osmosis, nanofiltration), gas separation, and pervaporation. Aerogels and cryogels: Ultralight, highly porous materials with exceptional surface areas, suitable for insulation, catalysis, and filtration applications. Chapter 5: Biomimetic and Bio-inspired Materials for Biomedical Applications This chapter focuses on the development of materials that leverage biological principles for advanced healthcare solutions. Key areas include: Drug delivery systems: Nanocarriers, liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles designed for targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents, minimizing side effects and maximizing efficacy. Tissue engineering scaffolds: Biodegradable and biocompatible materials that mimic the extracellular matrix, promoting cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation for regenerative medicine. This includes hydrogels, nanofibers, and 3D printed constructs. Biosensors: Nanomaterials with high sensitivity and selectivity for detecting biomarkers, pathogens, and metabolites, enabling early disease diagnosis and health monitoring. Bio-inspired coatings: Self-healing surfaces, anti-fouling coatings, and antimicrobial materials mimicking natural phenomena for medical implants and devices. Chapter 6: Soft and Responsive Materials for Actuation and Sensing This section explores the exciting realm of soft materials that can change their properties or shape in response to external stimuli. Stimuli-responsive polymers: Hydrogels, liquid crystal elastomers, and shape-memory polymers that respond to changes in temperature, pH, light, or electric fields, finding applications in soft robotics, actuators, and smart textiles. Self-healing materials: Materials capable of autonomously repairing damage, extending product lifespan and improving reliability. This includes encapsulation strategies, reversible covalent bonds, and intrinsic healing mechanisms. Flexible electronics and sensors: Development of conductive inks, thin-film transistors, and strain sensors on flexible substrates for wearable devices, electronic skin, and flexible displays. This book is an indispensable resource for researchers, engineers, and students in materials science, chemistry, physics, and engineering, providing a rigorous yet accessible exploration of the frontier of advanced material structures and their potential to shape the future.

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