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出版者:Illinois Transportation

作者:Charles Bentz

出品人:

页数:332

译者:

出版时间:1988-10-1

价格:USD 15.00

装帧:Paperback

isbn号码:9780252010804

丛书系列:

图书标签:

• 考古学
• 美国中部考古学
• 林地文化
• 美国底部
• 伊利诺伊州
• 密苏里州
• 考古遗址
• 史前史
• 北美原住民
• 林地晚期

Late Woodland Sites in the American Bottom Uplands: A Glimpse into a Transforming Landscape The American Bottom, a sprawling floodplain situated along the Mississippi River in southwestern Illinois, is renowned for its rich archaeological record, particularly its extensive Mississippian period occupations. However, the story of human habitation in this fertile region extends far beyond the iconic mounds and plazas of Cahokia. To the west and north of the main Bottom, the American Bottom Uplands present a distinct yet interconnected archaeological landscape, offering crucial insights into the lives and adaptations of communities during the Late Woodland period (roughly 400-1000 CE). Late Woodland Sites in the American Bottom Uplands delves into this understudied but vital aspect of the region's prehistory, moving beyond the traditional focus on the floodplain to illuminate the settlements, resource procurement strategies, and cultural practices that characterized upland populations as the broader American Bottom region experienced significant societal transformations. This volume embarks on a comprehensive exploration of Late Woodland archaeological sites situated within the loess and glacial till soils that define the uplands bordering the Mississippi River floodplain. It meticulously examines a diverse array of archaeological evidence unearthed from numerous excavated sites, providing a granular understanding of how these upland communities interacted with their environment and with their counterparts in the more densely populated Bottomlands. The research presented herein moves beyond mere descriptive inventories of artifacts and features, instead focusing on interpretive frameworks that elucidate the dynamic nature of Late Woodland lifeways in this critical transitional zone. A central theme woven throughout the book is the complex relationship between the upland and floodplain environments and the populations that inhabited them. While the Mississippi River floodplain offered abundant resources, particularly for intensive maize agriculture and large-scale settlements, the uplands presented a different set of opportunities and challenges. This book highlights how upland communities adapted to these unique ecological conditions, developing subsistence strategies that likely involved a more diverse range of resources. Evidence from the sites examined suggests a reliance on forest products, small game hunting, and potentially smaller-scale, more localized agricultural plots. The book explores the possibility that these upland settlements served as vital adjuncts to the more populous Bottomland communities, providing essential resources, raw materials, or even serving as seasonal hunting and gathering camps. The chronological framework for the Late Woodland period within the American Bottom Uplands is meticulously established, drawing upon radiocarbon dating, ceramic typology, and other stratigraphic indicators. The authors trace the evolution of upland settlement patterns throughout this period, noting shifts in site distribution, size, and density. Early Late Woodland occupations, for instance, might be characterized by smaller, more dispersed hamlets, while later periods could reveal evidence of increased sedentism and perhaps even more clustered settlements, reflecting changing social dynamics and resource management strategies. The book critically evaluates the typological classifications of Late Woodland ceramics found in the uplands, analyzing their similarities and differences with floodplain assemblages to infer patterns of interaction, trade, and cultural influence. Distinctive upland ceramic traditions are identified and discussed, offering clues about the unique cultural identities of these communities. Beyond subsistence and settlement, Late Woodland Sites in the American Bottom Uplands offers detailed analyses of material culture. The book presents comprehensive reports on lithic assemblages, providing insights into tool production and use. Examining the types of stone used, the techniques employed in their manufacture, and the distribution of finished tools allows for an understanding of technological capabilities, resource procurement networks, and the organization of labor. Similarly, the analysis of faunal and floral remains, where preserved, provides direct evidence of diet and environmental utilization. The book discusses the importance of wild resources, the potential role of horticulture, and the seasonality of site occupations, painting a vivid picture of daily life and resource management. The volume also addresses mortuary practices and ceremonial activities as revealed by archaeological investigations. While upland burials may not be as monumental or numerous as those found in the Mississippian centers, their examination offers invaluable data on social organization, kinship, and belief systems. The book explores the types of burial contexts, the grave goods interred with individuals, and the spatial patterning of cemeteries to infer social hierarchies, gender roles, and potential ritualistic behaviors. Even subtle variations in burial treatments can speak volumes about the cultural norms and values of these Late Woodland peoples. A significant contribution of this book lies in its engagement with the broader regional context of the Late Woodland period. The authors place the American Bottom Uplands within the larger network of interaction and exchange that characterized the Midwest at this time. The book discusses the movement of goods, ideas, and people between the uplands, the Bottomlands, and potentially even more distant regions. Evidence of exotic materials, shared ceramic styles, or similar lithic procurement patterns is analyzed to reconstruct these networks of interaction and to understand how upland communities were integrated into the wider socio-political landscape. The period also witnesses the emergence of increasingly complex societies in the adjacent Bottomlands, leading to significant shifts in population dynamics and resource exploitation. This book grapples with how these developments in the core Mississippian centers might have impacted the upland periphery. The archaeological methodologies employed in the research presented are thoroughly documented, including excavation techniques, sampling strategies, and laboratory analysis protocols. This transparency allows for critical evaluation of the data and provides a valuable resource for future researchers. The book emphasizes the importance of meticulous fieldwork and rigorous analysis in reconstructing the past, showcasing how modern archaeological practices can uncover the subtle traces of human activity left behind in the upland landscape. Furthermore, Late Woodland Sites in the American Bottom Uplands addresses the challenges and opportunities inherent in studying these often less visible archaeological contexts. Upland sites can be subject to different preservation conditions than those found in the floodplain, and their smaller size or more ephemeral nature can make them more difficult to locate and excavate. The book highlights innovative approaches and survey techniques that have been employed to identify and investigate these crucial sites, demonstrating the ongoing evolution of archaeological practice. Ultimately, this volume aims to provide a more nuanced and complete understanding of the Late Woodland period in the American Bottom region. By focusing on the often-overlooked upland areas, it expands our knowledge of human diversity, adaptive strategies, and the intricate connections that bound communities together in prehistoric times. The book challenges simplistic narratives of cultural development by illustrating the complexity and dynamism of Late Woodland societies, demonstrating that significant cultural and technological advancements were occurring not only in the great centers of population but also in the surrounding landscapes that sustained them. Late Woodland Sites in the American Bottom Uplands is an essential read for archaeologists, historians, and anyone interested in the rich prehistory of the American Midwest, offering a compelling testament to the enduring human presence in this dynamic landscape.

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最后，这本书能否在更广阔的北美史前史叙事中找到自己的位置，是我关注的重点之一。晚期伍德兰时期是北美文化剧烈转变的“前夜”，紧接着就是密西西比文化时代的崛起。我期待作者不会将这些高地遗址孤立地看待，而是能探讨它们如何与正在形成中的大区域互动网络连接，或者反过来，它们为何可能保持了某种程度上的文化独立性。一个优秀的考古学研究，应该能为我们理解人类社会在面对环境压力和技术进步时的适应策略提供新的视角。如果这本书能为我们理解北美东部森林地带的文化演进提供一个独特的、高地视角的补充，那么它的价值就远远超出了单纯的区域考古报告范畴，真正成为一块拼图。

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从书名来看，这本书似乎聚焦于一个非常特定的时间段和地理区域，这通常意味着极高的专业深度。我的一个主要期望是，作者在处理“晚期伍德兰时期”（Late Woodland）的文化变迁时，能够提供清晰的年代学框架和区域对比分析。例如，这些高地聚落与密西西比河谷核心区域的文化交流是如何体现的？他们的农业技术、防御工事设计，以及社会组织结构上，存在哪些显著的差异或相似之处？我希望这本书能提供足够扎实的数据支撑，不仅仅是简单地罗列发掘品，而是能深入分析这些物质遗存背后的社会动力学。如果能有关于气候变化对这些聚落兴衰影响的讨论，那就更好了，因为环境因素在史前人类决策中往往起着决定性作用。

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我特别关注的是这本书的叙事节奏和行文风格。我希望它不仅仅是一本枯燥的学术报告汇编，而是能将考古发现以一种引人入胜的故事形式呈现出来。毕竟，“美国低地高地”（American Bottom Uplands）这个地理概念本身就带有某种边陲的、未被完全驯服的意味。我期待作者能够运用细腻的笔触，将那些破碎的陶片、错位的石器，乃至地层中的碳化颗粒，编织成一个连贯而鲜活的古代社会图景。理想状态下，作者应该能够巧妙地平衡严谨的科学论证和富有感染力的历史重构，让读者在跟随考古学家进行“现场考察”的同时，也能感受到发现未知文明的激动人心。如果论证过程过于晦涩难懂，那这本书的受众范围就会大大受限，我更希望看到的是那种能让历史爱好者也拍案叫绝的叙事技巧。

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对于任何一本关于史前遗址的专著，地图和图表的质量至关重要。我非常看重那些辅助理解空间分布和聚落模式的视觉材料。我期望书中包含的那些地形图和遗址平面图不仅要准确无误，更要有足够高的信息密度，能够清晰地展示出这些高地定居点是如何利用自然制高点进行防御和资源获取的。如果能看到不同时期聚落规模和密度的变化图，那将是极大的加分项。我可不希望看到那些模糊不清、像素感十足的旧图，那会极大地削弱论点的说服力。高质量的插图和详尽的索引，是学术著作实用价值的体现，它们是检验一个出版方对该领域研究是否真正尊重的试金石。

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这本书的封面设计给我留下了深刻的第一印象。它采用了深沉的土黄色和暗红色调，那种颜色组合仿佛直接将我带回了数千年前的密苏里河谷地带，充满了历史的厚重感和一种莫名的神秘气息。封面中央的那个抽象的图案，虽然我看不懂它具体代表什么，但线条的粗犷和比例的失衡却营造出一种原始的张力，让人忍不住想一探究竟，了解这些古老聚落的真实面貌。我期待着内容能与这种强烈的视觉冲击力相匹配，希望能读到关于那些史前居民日常生活、信仰体系乃至他们与周围环境复杂互动的生动描绘。如果书中能配上高质量的考古发掘照片或者精细的遗址复原图，那就更完美了。光是看着这个封面，我就已经开始在脑海中勾勒出一个个烟雾缭绕的营地，以及那些在玉米地间忙碌的身影，这本书的装帧无疑是成功地完成了“引人入胜”的第一步，让一个非专业人士也心生向往。

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