Introduction
1. The Socratic Science of Economics
The Interlocutor Critobulus
The High Status of the Theme of “Household Management”
Economics as a Universal Science
The True, Scientific Meaning of Riches
Virtue Is Knowledge
The Wealthy Philosopher and the Impoverished Young Magnate
Socrates Evades Responsibility
2. The Case for Farming
The Most Resplendent Farming
Free Citizen-Farmers
Critobulus’s Telling Objection
The Conversion of Critobulus to Farming
3. Teaching Socrates How a Gentleman Educates His Wife
How and Why Socrates Turned to Inquiry into the Noble (Kalon)
How the Spotlight Fell on the Gentleman’s Education of His Wife
The Prelude to the Gentleman’s Education of His Wife
The Initial Stage in the Wife’s Education
The Gentleman’s Theological Teaching
The Gentleman’s Initial Teaching on Ruling and Being Ruled
The First Part of the Gentleman’s Teaching on Order (and Disorder)
The Second Part of the Gentleman’s Teaching on Order (and Disorder)
Choosing and Educating the Chief Subordinate Ruler in the Household
The Gentleman’s Political Regime
Xenophon and His Socrates as Dramatic Artists
The Gentleman on Appearance and Reality (Being)
4. Teaching Socrates the Activities of a Gentleman
The Gentleman’s Magnificence
The Gentleman as Speaker and Reasoner
Socrates Makes a Mistake
5. Teaching Socrates How a Gentleman Educates His Overseers
In Good Will Toward Himself
In Diligence
In Knowledge of the Art of Farming
In Skilled Rule
In a Certain Virtue of Justice
Socrates’s Summary Review of the Education of the Overseers
6. Teaching Socrates the Art of Farming
Earth’s Complex Nature, or, Her Divine Simplicity?
Philosophic Preparation of Fallow for Sowing
Socratic Sowing, Under God
The Other Main Tasks of Cereal Farming
Planting Trees and Vines
Diligence vs. Knowledge
The Progressive Spirit of the Gentleman Farmer
The Loftiness of the Gentleman’s Skilled Rule
7. Socrates Leading the Festivity of Gentlemen in the Symposium
The Setting
Autolycus: The Beautiful Power of the God of Love
Breaking the Spell of Divine Erotic Beauty
Lycon: Civic Virtue and Socratic Virtue
Socrates Strives to Maintain the Upper Hand
Callias Vindicates His Claim to Superior Wisdom
Niceratus: The Sidekick of Callias
Critobulus: The Sensually Beautiful Socratic
Charmides: The Politically Restless Socratic
Antisthenes: The Moralistic Socratic
Hermogenes: The Pious Socratic
Foreshadowing the First Part of the Indictment of Socrates
Socratic “Pimping” and “Procuring”
Socratic Beauty
Foreshadowing the Most Serious Part of the City’s Indictment of Socrates
Socrates Becomes the Teacher of the “Syracusan”
Socrates’s Oratorical Presentation of His Political Philosophizing
Xenophon’s Art of Socratic Portraiture
8. Deliberate Defiance in the Apology
The Puzzle as to the Purpose of Socrates’s Offensive Boastfulness
Hermogenes as a Key to the Apology
What Hermogenes Embodies
The Strategic Importance of Hermogenes
Hermogenes as Apt Conduit for Socrates’s Self-Disclosure
What the Report of the Pretrial Conversation with Hermogenes Reveals
Socrates’s Whole Life as His Defense
The Relations between Socrates and His God(s)
Socrates on the Relation between the Pleasant and the Good
Socrates’s Moral Satisfaction with His Entire Life
Socrates’s Self-Admiration
The Close of the Conversation
What the Report of the Defense Speech Reveals
The Rebuttal of the Charge of Impiety
The Rebuttal of the Charge of Corrupting the Young
After the Trial
At the Trial, After the Verdict
“So It Is Said”
Appendix: Preliminary Observations on the Contrasts and Complementarities between Xenophon’s and Plato’s Presentations of Socrates
Notes
Works Cited
Index
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