圖書標籤: 政治學 gender 文化 女權主義 sociology 社會學 政治哲學 政治
发表于2024-12-24
Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women? pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024
Polygamy, forced marriage, female genital mutilation, punishing women for being raped, differential access for men and women to health care and education, unequal rights of ownership, assembly, and political participation, unequal vulnerability to violence. These practices and conditions are standard in some parts of the world. Do demands for multiculturalism - and certain minority group rights in particular - make them more likely to continue and to spread to liberal democracies? Are there fundamental conflicts between our commitment to gender equity and our increasing desire to respect the customs of minority cultures or religions? In this book, the eminent feminist Susan Moller Okin and fifteen of the world's leading thinkers about feminism and multiculturalism explore these unsettling questions in a provocative, passionate, and illuminating debate. Okin opens by arguing that some group rights can, in fact, endanger women. She points, for example, to the French government's giving thousands of male immigrants special permission to bring multiple wives into the country, despite French laws against polygamy and the wives' own bitter opposition to the practice. Okin argues that if we agree that women should not be disadvantaged because of their sex, we should not accept group rights that permit oppressive practices on the grounds that they are fundamental to minority cultures whose existence may otherwise be threatened. In reply, some respondents reject Okin's position outright, contending that her views are rooted in a moral universalism that is blind to cultural difference. Others quarrel with Okin's focus on gender, or argue that we should be careful about which group rights we permit, but not reject the category of group rights altogether. Okin concludes with a rebuttal, clarifying, adjusting, and extending her original position. These incisive and accessible essays - expanded from their original publication in "Boston Review" and including four new contributions - are indispensable reading for anyone interested in one of the most contentious social and political issues today. The diverse contributors, in addition to Okin, are Azizah al-Hibri, Abdullahi An-Na'im, Homi Bhabha, Sander Gilman, Janet Halley, Bonnie Honig, Will Kymlicka, Martha Nussbaum, Bhikhu Parekh, Katha Pollitt, Robert Post, Joseph Raz, Saskia Sassen, Cass Sunstein, and Yael Tamir.
http://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/lwq-yyl/20508594
評分Susan Okin有關女性主義與多元文化主義之關係的基本立場是反對後現代式地解構性彆概念,認為少數族裔的性彆問題與既往主流理論所關注的(白人的)性彆問題並非在質上截然不同,而隻是在量上更甚。這個立場本可以也容易辯護,但是作者選取的路徑很不明智,我們可稱之為“方法論主義的叫囂”或armchair positivism。她批評她的論敵言必稱柏拉圖,認為作為一個政治學學者的基本素養就是要有實證研究;但等到她自己正麵論證的時候,卻又毫無具體的事實,全都是浮光掠影地引用彆人辛辛苦苦做的研究成果(並且隻有結論)。做學問言行一緻是根本的,要麼一以貫之地對現實情況不感興趣,做做理論;要做實證就真的去做。這種自己不做,還批評彆人沒做,最終把真正做瞭的人的成果拿來就用的作風令人不齒,滿滿的理科大牛教授既視感。
評分正所謂“女權即人權”,Okin眼中的女權主義,隻是普遍主義道德的一個分支。她不去指齣性彆的重要道德意義,而恰恰去消除這一意義。顯然,這是當下典型白左思路一種(另一種是Kymlicka的多元文化主義)。左派與右派則在對這種思路背後的普遍主義道德進行攻擊時擁抱彼此。
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Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women? pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024