具体描述
Our Changing Planet -- Ancestral Earth -- Inside Earth -- Crustal Plates in Motion -- Tectonics and Landforms -- Regimes of Climate -- From the Depths: New Rock -- Gradation: Leveling the Crust -- Weathering -- Gravity Movements -- Erosion and Deposition -- Landscapes as "Personalities" -- Landscape Histories -- How Long Does It Take? -- Rocks: The Substance of Landforms -- Rocks as History -- The Makeup of Rocks -- The Chemical Influence.
Originating Underground: The Intrusive Rocks -- Originating Aboveground: The Extrusive Rocks -- From Debris: Sedimentary Rocks -- Changed Rocks: The Metamorphic Family -- The Rock Cycle -- The Works of Weather -- The Chemical Attack -- Frost Prying -- Shattering by Frost Action -- Frost Heaving and Thrusting -- Temperature Changes -- Pressure Release and Sheeting -- Organic Agents -- Weathering vs. Time -- Scenery of Gravity Movements -- Gravity Movements: Noticed or Not.
Rockfalls, Earthfalls, Debris Falls -- Talus Sheets, Aprons, Cones -- Subsided Ground -- Spreading and Gliding -- Creep -- Rockslides, Debris Slides, Mudslides -- Soil Slips and Slumps -- Avalanches and Lahars -- Earth and Debris Flows -- Rock Glaciers -- Solifluction Forms -- Hillslopes -- Shaping Hillslopes -- Slow But Sure: Creep -- With Every Rain: Rainsplash -- Runoff: Sheets and Streams -- Processes Underground -- Hillslope Profiles -- Analyzing Hillslopes.
Hillslopes Through Time -- Sculptures by Running Water -- Draining the Continents -- Rainsplash, Sheetwash, and Streams -- Valley to Valley -- Drainage Systems -- Where Streamflow Stops -- Interruptions -- Landscape Closeups -- Streams That Follow Given Surfaces -- Water and Wind Gaps -- Valleys within Valleys -- Misfit Streams -- Flooded by the Sea: Estuaries -- Valley Cross Sections -- Erosional Features in Valleys -- Stream Deposits -- Features of Igneous Activity.
Magma and Lava -- Realms of Volcanism -- Eruptions -- Principal Craters, Calderas, and Pit Craters -- Sculptures in Lava -- Pyroclastics: Blown Out of Cones -- Hot Springs, Mudpots, Geysers -- Fumaroles and Solfataras -- Plutonic Landforms -- Batholiths, Stocks, Lopoliths -- Sills, Laccoliths, Dikes -- Volcanic Necks -- Rock Structures in Landforms -- Structures Original and Acquired -- Perspectives on Deformation -- Horizontal Structures -- Warps, Cuestas, Domes, and Basins.
Monoclines, Anticlines, and Synclines -- Overturned Folds and Isoclines -- Folds That Plunge -- Homoclines -- Landscapes on Folds -- Joints and Faults -- Fault Scarps -- Tilted Blocks -- Fault Troughs -- Rifts and Overthrusts -- Klippen and Horsts -- Topography on Faults -- Observing Topography -- Mountains: Landforms Supreme -- Many Origins - A Diversified Lot -- Birth and Nature of Mountains -- Folded vs. Complex Mountains -- The Folded Appalachians -- The Rockies.
Mountains Abroad -- Fault-block Mountains -- Volcanic Ranges -- Plateaus: High Tablelands -- A Form with Many Variations -- Sedimentary Plateaus -- The Colorado Plateau -- The Appalachian Plateau -- Lava Plateaus -- The Columbia Plateau -- Lava Plateaus in Lands Abroad -- Plains: Wide and Mostly Flat -- A Varied Gallery -- Alluvial Plains -- Coastal Plains -- Stratum Plains -- Sand-dune Plains and Sand Plains -- Plains on Loess -- Glacial Plains.
Sites of Vanished Lakes: Lake Plains -- Lava Plains -- Works of Glaciers -- An "Unlikely" Genre -- Glaciers as Sculptors -- Living with Glaciers -- Why Glaciers? -- Biography of a Glacier -- Trunk and Hanging Glaciers -- "Foot-of-the-mountain" Glaciers -- Ice Caps, Ice Fields, Ice Sheets -- Only Yesterday -- Cirques, Aretes, Horns -- Rock Basins and Stairs -- Rock Knobs and Drumlins -- Sculptures by Ice Caps and Ice Sheets -- Striations and Grooves, Chattermarks and Fractures.
Nivation Hollows -- Lateral and Terminal Moraines -- Drumlins and Fluting -- Eskers -- Ground Moraine and Transported Drift -- Lakes and Ponds in Drift -- Outwash -- Looking Ahead -- Realms of Dryness and Wind -- Why Deserts? -- The Look of Deserts -- Works of Weather and Gravity -- Sculpturing by Rain Spatter and Streams -- Blowing Sand -- Desert Highlands -- Sculptures on Valley Floors -- Cones and Fans -- Basin Fillings -- Desert Varnish -- Sand Ripples -- Sand Dunes.
Deserts and the Future -- Scenery of Soluble Rocks -- Bizarre and Beautiful -- Into Solution and Out -- Karst Highlands and Valleys -- Sinkholes, Solution Pans, Collapse Sinks -- Karst Windows, Limestone Residuals -- Caverns of the World -- Dripstone and Flowstone -- Other Cave Features -- Mammoth Cave and Carlsbad Caverns -- Landscapes Through Time -- Along Coasts and Shores -- A Realm of Change -- Origins -- Shore Configurations -- Tides and Tsunamis -- Waves and Currents.
Erosion of Rock Cliffs -- Wave-cut Platforms -- Minor Features of Cliff Erosion -- Beach Features -- Barriers -- Spits, Tombolos, Cuspate Forelands -- Organic Features -- Lakeshores -- Evolution of Coasts and Shores.
Summary Mountains, rivers, volcanoes, glaciers, deserts, coastal regions, plains, and plateaus are among the many landforms discussed in this comprehensive, lavishly illustrated guide.
