具体描述
A skillful elaboration of the notion of biophilia the idea that humans are part of evolution and, therefore, possess a basic biological attraction to nature arguing that this affinity and its expression affects quality of life. Kellert (forestry and environmental studies, Yale U.) demonstrates human connections with nature, discussing the material necessities which the natural world provide and also less substantial contributions to intellectual capacity, emotional bonding, aesthetic attraction, creativity, imagination, and the recognition of a purposeful existence. These expressions of biophilia, the author argues, are integral to overall health, and the ongoing degradation of the environment might have consequences that people have not yet considered. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.
Amazon.com Review
Do human beings have an innate, biologically-based attraction to nature? According to Stephen R. Kellert, author of Kinship to Mastery, "biophilia" is a distinct possibility. Certainly humankind's relationship with the physical world has long been evident in our dependence on nature for the tools of survival--everything from clothing to fossil fuel--but is there also a deeper, less obvious role that nature plays in our lives? Kellert posits that our abilities to emotionally bond, to create, imagine, or even simply recognize our existence as purposeful all stem from our relationships with the world around us.
And if our physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being depends on the natural world, then the environment's degradation could have more disastrous effects than we realize. With Kinship to Mastery, Stephen Kellert presents yet another element in the ongoing debate over conservation, growth, and the environment; this is a book well worth reading.
From Library Journal
This latest book by Kellert (Yale Sch. of Forestry and Environmental Studies) builds on the research and ideas he elucidated for scholars in his recent The Value of Life (Island, 1996) and in his earlier collection, The Biophilia Hypothesis (LJ 11/1/93), to produce a much-needed introduction for the general reader to the concept of biophilia and its role in human development. He presents the empirical evidence in a straightforward manner while using narrative vignettes to illustrate the various ways biophilia is expressed in individual lives. His definition of biophilia makes clear that, although this human tendency to affiliate with living nature is encoded in our genes, it is highly dependent on culture for its strength and direction. Expressions of biophilia?for example, emotional bonding with companion animals?have been shaped by evolutionary advantage yet wither when society provides few opportunities to connect with natural diversity. Not all of Kellert's arguments are equally cogent, and some are speculative; nevertheless, he marshals a compelling case that a healthy, diverse natural environment is an "essential condition for human lives of satisfaction and fulfillment." Highly recommended for academic libraries and for public libraries interested in environmental issues.?Joan S. Elbers, Port Charlotte, Fla.
Copyright 1997 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
Modern science, like law, requires a preponderance of evidence to convince us. In Kinship to Mastery, Kellert ... uses a method that is the antithesis of that--he tells anecdotes: a boy brought back from despair at the death of his father by the gift of a dog from his sister; a parrot-toting prisoner who becomes an expert on psittacines; a yuppie couple whose marriage is saved by a trip to an island off Nova Scotia ... Unlike the often seen, numbingly impersonal statistics on the biological decrepitude of our planet, these anecdotal fictions strike home personally. Kellert's vignettes wake us up to smell the flowers--the ones that are left. -- The New York Times Book Review, Dorion Sagan
作者简介
About the Author
Stephen R. Kellert was the Tweedy/Ordway Professor of Social Ecology at the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies and author of numerous books including, The Biophilia Hypothesis (coedited with E. O. Wilson, 1993), The Value of Life: Biological Diversity and Human Society (1996), Kinship to Mastery: Biophilia in Human Evolution and Development (1997), The Good in Nature and Humanity: Connecting Science, Religion, and Spirituality with the Natural World (coedited with T. Farnham, 2002), and Children and Nature: Psychological, Sociocultural, and Evolutionary Investigations (coedited with P. H. Kahn, 2002).
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用户评价
说实话，当我读到第十章时，我开始怀疑自己是不是买到了一本印刷错误的盗版书。这本书的重点似乎完全放在了“如何建立一个成功的自媒体社群”上，而这与“Kinship to Mastery”的主题，用最客气的说法，也是存在“显著的认知偏差”。作者在书中反复强调，要通过发布大量精心设计的、旨在引发情绪共鸣的短视频内容，来快速聚集一批忠实的粉丝，从而实现所谓的“群体精通”。他详细分析了哪些滤镜效果最能吸引千禧一代的注意力，以及发布帖子的最佳时间点。我理解现代社会中社群的力量，但这和从个体到宗师的内在蜕变，中间似乎隔着一片广阔的沙漠。所谓的“Kinship”在这里被简化成了一串互关的数字，而“Mastery”则成了“点击量”和“变现能力”。书中充满了大量的网络流行语和营销术语，使得整本书的阅读体验像是在翻阅一本过时的社交媒体运营手册。我对这种将深刻的概念进行肤浅化和工具化的处理方式感到非常失望。它没有提供任何关于心性修炼的深度，只是提供了一套快速致富的捷径，而且这条捷径看起来充满了变数和不确定性。
评分这本名为《Kinship to Mastery》的书，从书名来看，本应是关于人与人之间联系，以及如何通过这种联系达到精通某个领域的深刻探讨。然而，当我真正翻开它时，我发现这本书的内容似乎完全跑偏了。它更像是一本披着“连接与精通”外衣的，关于园艺和植物养护的指南。书中详尽地描述了如何选择合适的土壤、如何根据季节调整浇水量，甚至有一整个章节专门讨论了不同种类肥料对月季花开放的影响。我原本期待的是对人际关系中那种微妙的“血脉相连”的感悟，或是对某种技能达到炉火纯青境界的心理历程，结果却是一本关于如何让我的后院花圃蓬勃生长的工具书。最让我费解的是，作者似乎坚信，如果你能成功地培育出一株稀有的兰花，那么你自然就能在商业谈判中游刃有余。这种类比的跳跃性之大，让人不得不怀疑作者是否真的理解“Kinship”和“Mastery”这两个词的本意，还是仅仅将它们作为吸引眼球的噱头。如果我只是想知道如何给我的多肉植物浇水，我可能会给它高分，但作为一个寻求人生指导和深度思考的读者，这本书的价值几乎为零，它在我手边完全是占据空间，却无法提供任何精神上的滋养。
评分这本书的叙事风格极其飘忽不定，一会儿是散文诗般的抒情，一会儿又是严谨的学术论证，但两者之间鲜有平滑的过渡。我感觉作者像是将自己过去十年里不同阶段、针对不同主题写下的笔记和随笔，不加筛选地堆砌在了一起。比如，前一页还在探讨“共情能力”在领导力中的核心地位，引用的却是二十世纪初的心理学研究；而下一页，笔锋一转，就开始用一种近乎于宗教布道的方式，描述“对完美几何图形的执着追求”如何引导艺术家进入超验境界。这种不连贯性严重阻碍了任何真正深入的思考。我试着去寻找一条将“人际连接”导向“卓越成就”的逻辑线索，但每次都迷失在作者那些华丽辞藻构建的迷宫里。如果说《Kinship to Mastery》旨在提供一张地图，那么这本书更像是一份由不同探险家在不同时期绘制的、相互矛盾的、标注混乱的草图的合集。它没有提供任何清晰的路径指引，最终留给读者的，只有被过度刺激却又极度迷茫的阅读体验，让人不禁想问，作者自己是否真的走通过这条路。
评分让我印象最深刻的，是这本书对于“时间和耐心”的描述。我原本期待的是对长期主义的肯定，或者对刻意练习的深入剖析，毕竟“Mastery”一词暗示着时间投入的必然性。然而，书中却大肆鼓吹一种近乎于“时间悖论”的理论：要达到精通，你必须学会“活在当下，超越时间感”。听起来很美，但具体操作上，作者建议的是通过“冥想和高速学习技巧”来压缩学习曲线。他介绍了一种所谓的“量子式信息吸收法”，声称通过特定的呼吸频率，可以在几周内掌握他人需要数年才能掌握的技能。这种对捷径的推崇，显得既不切实际，又有些轻浮。在描述“Kinship”时，作者更是将其简化为一种“信息同步频率”，认为只要你的“精神频率”与导师对齐，知识就能瞬间传递。整本书弥漫着一种急功近利的气息，它试图用时髦的科学术语来包装一个老掉牙的“一夜成名”的幻想。对于真正理解精通需要汗水和时间积累的人来说，这本书提供的，或许只是一剂快速但无效的安慰剂。我更希望看到的是脚踏实地的攀登，而不是这种悬浮于空中的“精神跳跃”。
评分我简直不敢相信我花了整整一个下午试图从这本书里榨取出一丝有价值的信息，结果收获的却是一堆关于“有效沟通”的陈词滥调，而且这些所谓的“有效沟通”技巧，竟然全部被包装在关于古希腊哲学家们如何分配橄榄油和葡萄酒的寓言故事里。作者似乎对历史典故有着近乎偏执的热爱，但他将这些典故与书名所暗示的“精通之道”的关联性处理得极其牵强。比如，他会用苏格拉底在集市上与人争论面包价格的小故事，来论证建立“亲缘关系”（Kinship）的重要性，这逻辑链条短得让人心惊。更令人发指的是，每当涉及到真正的“精通”（Mastery）层面，比如如何系统性地学习一门复杂的新技能，作者就立刻打住，转而开始讲述某个中世纪修道院里，修士们如何一丝不苟地抄写羊皮纸的场景。我需要的不是一个历史纪录片式的故事集，而是具体的、可操作的框架或深刻的洞察。读完这本书，我唯一的“精通”感觉，就是精通了如何快速翻页跳过那些无关痛痒的历史插叙，直奔最后的总结，而那总结，不过是对开篇立论的再一次平庸复述罢了。这哪里是指导人生或技能提升，分明是一部晦涩难懂的，且毫无重点的古典文学赏析读本。
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