图书标签: 计算机科学 图灵 计算机 turing AlanTuring Computer.Theory 数学 科普
发表于2024-12-25
The Annotated Turing pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024
(excerpts from my proposal for the book)
Anyone who has explored the history, technology, or theory of computers has likely encountered the concept of the Turing Machine. The Turing Machine is an imaginary — not even quite hypothetical — computer invented in 1936 by English mathematician Alan Turing (1912–1954) to help solve a question in mathematical logic. As a byproduct, Turing also founded the field of computability theory — the study of the abilities and limitations of digital computers.
Although the concept of the Turing Machine is well known, Turing’s original 1936 paper is only rarely read. This neglect may have something to do with the paper’s title — “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem” — and perhaps the paper’s extensive use of a scary German gothic font. That’s too bad, because the paper is not only a fascinating read but a milestone in the history of computing and 20th century intellectual thought in general.
This book presents Turing’s original 36-page paper (and a follow-up 3-page correction) with background chapters and extensive annotations. Mathematical papers like Turing’s are often terse and cryptic. I have elaborated on many of Turing’s statements, clarified his discussions, and provided numerous examples.
Interwoven into the narrative are the highlights of Turing’s own life: his years at Cambridge and Princeton, his secret work in cryptanalysis during World War II, his involvement in seminal computer projects, his speculations about artificial intelligence, his arrest and prosecution for the crime of “gross indecency,” and his early death by apparent suicide at the age of 41.
The book is divided into four parts: Parts I and II together are about 200 pages in length and cover the first 60% of Turing’s paper, encompassing the Turing Machine and computability topics. This part of the book is entirely self-contained and will be of primary interest to most readers.
Part III is a faster paced look at the remainder of Turing’s paper, which involves the implications for mathematical logic. Some readers might want to skip these chapters.
Part IV resumes the more "popular" presentation showing how the Turing Machine has become a vital tool in understanding the workings of human consciousness and the mechanisms of the universe.
Although I expect the primary readers of the book to be programmers, computer science majors, and other “techies,” I have tried my best to make the book accessible to the general reader. There is unavoidably much mathematics in the book, but I have tried to assume that the reader only has knowledge of high-school mathematics, and probably a foggy one at that.
in memory of the hard times
评分尽管不太喜欢作者的文笔,但就主题,素材和组织来说,五星无疑。做程序员的不仅必须读,而且必须读懂这本书。
评分p155,“If the configurations marked χ and у do not match (as they won't in our example), ”,根据上下文并参考中文版,“won't”或应改为“will” 批注请参见评论
评分十分强大,既博又精。根据个人能力和兴趣,着重看了第二部分,这也是Turing论文最独特,奠定计算机科学理论基础的部分,对Turing设想的‘machine'有细致分析。可看懂原理,但许多细节需动笔动脑才能消化(对部分细节我做了偷懒处理)。第三部分讲的逻辑基础虽然学过,可要看懂关键的证明部分还是感到头大(脑小还差不多),初略了事。对Lambda Calculus也有简介,其原理学习FP都有涉及,但更深了解其历史和更原始的代表还是让人颇感成就感。第四部分对于人工智能和哲学的思索趣点多多,也是这本书读起来最轻松的部分。以Diophantus首尾呼应,非常聪明。虽是本很学术的书,80%的内容都是理论,偏抽象,读来艰难,作者闲扯能力也不错,看到一些有趣的历史段子。对早期加密和解码技术也有较好的简介。
评分如作者所说,把书中引用的部分摘下来就是完整的图灵论文. 这基本上就是一本对论文的注释了,附带一些历史生平和相关人物扩展. 尽管整体下来个人比较吃力,但看到诸如解释为什么没有一个general的process去判定一个machine是否是circle-free的时候,还是会有被颠覆的快感.
艾伦图灵 :计算理论,论可计算数及其在判定性问题上的应用 oncomputable numbers,with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem 图灵写这篇论文的动机是想解决德国数学家大卫、希尔伯特构想的一个问题,希尔伯特想寻找一种通用的方法来判定数理逻辑中的任意命题是否可证...
评分鉴于是科普向就不发博客了.. 微积分发明后, 全欧洲的数学物理学家们疯狂的享受这种方法带来的方便. 那时的数学是带有浓厚的应用目的的, 几乎所有数学都是为解物理问题而存在, 人们用微积分求解物体间的作用, 天体的运动, 却未顾及方法的严谨性. 即使有怀疑的声音, 人们还是随...
评分在这之前因为简单看过一些哲学普及书,一直纠结于唯物论->因果论->机械论和自由意志之间的矛盾。我是相信唯物论的,但是又觉得自由意志这个东西并不能由简单的因果关系决定,直到看到了这本书。 这本书详细分析了图灵机的不可判定性问题和哥德尔的不确定性原理,在我看起来,虽...
评分Charles Petzold确实是一位大牛,作为windows程序员来说,《Windows程序设计》是一本经典之中的经典。不过对于我来说,熟悉大牛的深入浅出式的说明还是在《编码的奥秘》这本书(原句叫 coding,现在再版,书名叫《编码》),在那本书里面,指引着我们寻找计算机制造的基本原理...
评分其实这本书我并没有读完,因为到了第二部分,即使有了作者的解释和注释,图灵的论文也确实超出了我的能力范围之外了,把“可计算函数”一章的前半部分仔细读了三四遍之后还是读不懂之后,我不得不放弃了。但是这并不影响我仍然给这本书打五星力荐。 先说这本书,我想如果没有C...
The Annotated Turing pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2024