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Jared Diamond
Penguin Books
2005-12-27
575
GBP 11.12
Paperback
9780143036555

圖書標籤: 曆史  社會學  JaredDiamond  Environment  社科  社會  人類學  History   


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发表于2024-12-23

Collapse epub 下載 mobi 下載 pdf 下載 txt 電子書 下載 2024

Collapse epub 下載 mobi 下載 pdf 下載 txt 電子書 下載 2024

Collapse pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載 2024



圖書描述

Book Description

In this fascinating book, Diamond seeks to understand the fates of past societies that collapsed for ecological reasons, combining the most important policy debate of this generation with the romance and mystery of lost worlds.

Amazon.com

Jared Diamond's Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed is the glass-half-empty follow-up to his Pulitzer Prize-winning Guns, Germs, and Steel. While Guns, Germs, and Steel explained the geographic and environmental reasons why some human populations have flourished, Collapse uses the same factors to examine why ancient societies, including the Anasazi of the American Southwest and the Viking colonies of Greenland, as well as modern ones such as Rwanda, have fallen apart. Not every collapse has an environmental origin, but an eco-meltdown is often the main catalyst, he argues, particularly when combined with society's response to (or disregard for) the coming disaster. Still, right from the outset of Collapse, the author makes clear that this is not a mere environmentalist's diatribe. He begins by setting the book's main question in the small communities of present-day Montana as they face a decline in living standards and a depletion of natural resources. Once-vital mines now leak toxins into the soil, while prion diseases infect some deer and elk and older hydroelectric dams have become decrepit. On all these issues, and particularly with the hot-button topic of logging and wildfires, Diamond writes with equanimity.

Because he's addressing such significant issues within a vast span of time, Diamond can occasionally speak too briefly and assume too much, and at times his shorthand remarks may cause careful readers to raise an eyebrow. But in general, Diamond provides fine and well-reasoned historical examples, making the case that many times, economic and environmental concerns are one and the same. With Collapse, Diamond hopes to jog our collective memory to keep us from falling for false analogies or forgetting prior experiences, and thereby save us from potential devastations to come. While it might seem a stretch to use medieval Greenland and the Maya to convince a skeptic about the seriousness of global warming, it's exactly this type of cross-referencing that makes Collapse so compelling.

                                 --Jennifer Buckendorff

From Publishers Weekly

In his Pulitzer Prize–winning bestseller Guns, Germs, and Steel, geographer Diamond laid out a grand view of the organic roots of human civilizations in flora, fauna, climate and geology. That vision takes on apocalyptic overtones in this fascinating comparative study of societies that have, sometimes fatally, undermined their own ecological foundations. Diamond examines storied examples of human economic and social collapse, and even extinction, including Easter Island, classical Mayan civilization and the Greenland Norse. He explores patterns of population growth, overfarming, overgrazing and overhunting, often abetted by drought, cold, rigid social mores and warfare, that lead inexorably to vicious circles of deforestation, erosion and starvation prompted by the disappearance of plant and animal food sources. Extending his treatment to contemporary environmental trouble spots, from Montana to China to Australia, he finds today's global, technologically advanced civilization very far from solving the problems that plagued primitive, isolated communities in the remote past. At times Diamond comes close to a counsel of despair when contemplating the environmental havoc engulfing our rapidly industrializing planet, but he holds out hope at examples of sustainability from highland New Guinea's age-old but highly diverse and efficient agriculture to Japan's rigorous program of forest protection and, less convincingly, in recent green consumerism initiatives. Diamond is a brilliant expositor of everything from anthropology to zoology, providing a lucid background of scientific lore to support a stimulating, incisive historical account of these many declines and falls. Readers will find his book an enthralling, and disturbing, reminder of the indissoluble links that bind humans to nature. Photos.

From Booklist

Defining collapse as "extreme decline," the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Guns, Germs, and Steel (1997), which posed questions about Western civilization's domination of much of the world, now examines the reverse side of that coin. Diamond ponders reasons why certain civilizations have collapsed. With an eye on the implications for the present and future, he bases his analysis on his newly phrased version of an old maxim about what history teaches: "The past offers us a rich database from which we can learn." Drawing examples from this database, from Polynesian culture on Easter Island to the Viking outposts in Greenland to the Mayan civilization in Central America, the author finds "the fundamental pattern of catastrophe" that is apparent in these populations that once flourished and then collapsed. The template he holds up is a construct based on five factors, including environmental damage, climate change, and hostile neighbors. In addition, Diamond casts his critical but acute and inclusive gaze on the issue of why civilizations fail to see collapse coming. A thought-provoking book containing not a single page of dense prose. Expect demand from civic- and history-minded readers.

                                    Brad Hooper

From School Library Journal

Adult/High School–This powerful call to action should be read by all high school students. Diamond eloquently and persuasively describes the environmental and social problems that led to the collapse of previous civilizations and threaten us today. The book's organization makes researching particular regions or types of damage accessible. Unfamiliar words are defined, and mention of a place or issue that has been described in greater detail elsewhere includes relevant page numbers. Students may become impatient with the folksy Montana fishing stories in part one, but once the fascinating account of the vanished civilizations begins, readers are taken on an extraordinary journey. Using the Mayan empire, Easter Island, the Anasazi, and other examples, the author shows how a combination of environmental factors such as habitat destruction, the loss of biodiversity, and degradation of the soil caused complex, flourishing societies to suddenly disintegrate. Modern societies are divided into those that have begun to collapse, such as Rwanda and Haiti; those whose conservation policies have helped to avert disaster, such as Iceland and Japan; and those currently dealing with massive problems, such as Australia and China. Diamond is a cautious optimist. Some of his most compelling stories show how two groups of people sharing the same land, such as the Norse and Inuit in Greenland, can end up in completely different situations depending on how they address their problems. The solutions discussed are of vital importance: how societies respond to environmental degradation will determine how teens will live their adult lives. As Diamond points out, in a collapsing civilization, being rich just means being the last to starve. Black-and-white photos are included.

                                –Kathy Tewell, Fairfax County Public Library, VA

Book Dimension

length: (cm)21.7                 width:(cm)14

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著者簡介

賈雷德·戴濛德(Jared Diamond),加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校醫學院生理學教授,美國藝術與科學院、國傢科學院院士,是當代少數幾位探究人類社會與文明的思想傢之一。

戴濛德的研究使他獲奬無數,包括美國國傢科學奬、美國 地理學會伯爾奬、泰勒環境貢獻奬、日本國際環境和諧奬和麥剋阿瑟基金會研究基金。

戴濛德的代錶作《槍炮、病菌與鋼鐵》探討瞭人類社會不平等的起源和地理成因,獲1998年美國普利策奬和英國科普圖書奬。


圖書目錄


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用戶評價

評分

不錯

評分

書的價值點在於介紹瞭很多存在過的詭異的人類社會。不過不再有《槍細菌和鋼鐵》這樣宏偉的理論瞭。總結過去總比預測未來容易些

評分

太長,讀的好纍

評分

少生孩子多種樹!

評分

書的價值點在於介紹瞭很多存在過的詭異的人類社會。不過不再有《槍細菌和鋼鐵》這樣宏偉的理論瞭。總結過去總比預測未來容易些

讀後感

評分

作者按:戴蒙德去年入选全球前十大公共知识分子之列,是我非常喜爱的学者。不过,此书精彩程度并不及他之前的两部著作《枪炮、钢枪和细菌》和《性趣探秘》。 这篇书评刊于《开放时代》2003年第5期。《崩溃》如今已有中文版行世,我大概是国内最早介绍此书的人。 贾雷德.戴蒙...  

評分

贾雷德·戴蒙德 (Jared Diamond)教授是全球惟一两度获英国科普图书奖的作家,他也曾将普利策奖收入囊中。戴教授文笔优美,研究范围广泛,写科普图书能贯通文、史、理、农、医、经济等等,所以看他的新作《崩溃》分析环境对社会发展轨迹的影响并不会觉得枯燥。相反,读者会觉得...  

評分

几个星期内断断续续读完这本书。有很多感触。书中有很多观点值得细细品味琢磨。对我震撼最深的是关于卢旺达种族屠杀的分析。因为我之前才看过卢旺达大饭店,以及一些对于卢旺达历史的描述。如果这场人间惨剧不是因为种族仇恨,而是因为自然资源不足而引起的厮杀;如果卢旺达的...  

評分

作者讲维京人用了三章的篇幅,打头便是对1958年柯克•道格拉斯主演的电影《维京人》的某一场景进行一番追述,“50年后我仍然记得影片里维京海盗攻破古堡的大门,大肆屠杀里面毫无戒备、正在举杯痛饮的人们。柯克•道格拉斯请求他美丽的俘虏珍妮特•利假装反抗来增强他的...  

評分

贾雷德·戴蒙德 (Jared Diamond)教授是全球惟一两度获英国科普图书奖的作家,他也曾将普利策奖收入囊中。戴教授文笔优美,研究范围广泛,写科普图书能贯通文、史、理、农、医、经济等等,所以看他的新作《崩溃》分析环境对社会发展轨迹的影响并不会觉得枯燥。相反,读者会觉得...  

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